Table 1.

Model parameters and their interpretations.

parameter	description	units
$\Lambda$	recruitment of individuals in the susceptible population	number of individuals per day
λ	force of infection function	per day
β	transmission rate	per day
ϕ	COVID-19 control measures	dimensionless
K	50% of individuals being infected	half-saturation constant
q	scaling parameter	dimensionless
μ	natural mortality rate	per day
θ	vaccination function	per day
$\epsilon$	vaccination efficacy	dimensionless
1/κ	average latent time	days
γ	recovery rate	per day
δ	disease-induced death rate	per day