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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 26.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Signal. 2023 Jun 6;16(788):eadd6364. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.add6364

Fig. 4. Proposed model of the functional axis comprised of SUR1-TRPM4, NCX1 and AQP4 in pre-ischemic vs. post-ischemic astrocyte endfeet.

Fig. 4.

In the pre-ischemic astrocyte endfoot (left), NCX1 operates in calcium extrusion mode, and SUR1-TRPM4 is absent. In the post-ischemic astrocyte endfoot (right), newly increased SUR1-TRPM4 mediates Na+ influx (#1) which drives Ca2+ influx through the calcium entry mode of NCX1 (#2). The increase in Ca2+ activates CaM (#3), which stimulates trafficking of AQP4 to the cell membrane (#4), where AQP4 facilitates water influx that contributes to swelling.