Table 4.

In-hospital mortality and morbidities (composite outcomes) among infants born at 29 to 33 weeks’ GA by maternal IDDM

Outcome, N (%)	IDDM, N = 527	No IDDM, N = 6,509	Adjusted RR (95% CI) for outcomea IDDM vs. no IDDM
Surfactant or death within 3 days	136/527 (26)	1733/6,508 (27)	0.99 (0.86–1.14)
EOS or LOS or death before discharge	28/523 (5)	393/6,496 (6)	0.75 (0.48–1.16)
Severe IVH or death within 28 days	18/296 (6)	206/3,803 (5)	1.17 (0.70–1.94)
PVL (at 28 days or 36 weeks) or death within 28 days	21/310 (7)	229/3,939 (6)	1.16 (0.72–1.86)
ROP or death within 28 days	29/183 (16)	344/2,370 (15)	1.23 (0.85–1.78)
NEC or death within 28 days	30/527 (6)	288/6,504 (4)	1.18 (0.78–1.79)
PDA or death within 28 days	87/527 (17)	763/6,505 (12)	1.46 (1.18–1.80)

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; EOS, early-onset sepsis; GA, gestational age; IBP, insulin before pregnancy; IDP, insulin during pregnancy; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; LOS, late-onset sepsis; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; No IDDM, no insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PVL, periventricular leukomalacia; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity; RR, relative risk.

Note: All models were adjusted for study center, infant gender, gestational age at birth, antenatal steroid use, maternal age, maternal race, prenatal care, multiple births, chorioamnionitis, cesarean delivery, outborn, ponderal index at birth, and delivery room interventions (CPAP vs. other), unless mentioned otherwise.

^aPoisson regression models with robust variance estimators were used for adjusted analysis of categorical outcomes.