Table 3.
Comparative infection risk in subgroups
| JAK inhibitor | TNF inhibitor (Ref) | HR (95% CI) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events | PY | aIR (95% CI) | Events | PY | aIR (95% CI) | ||
| Patients age < 60 years (n = 1 764 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 3 251 for TNF inhibitor) | |||||||
| Herpes zoster | 178 | 1951 | 9.12 (7.93–10.49) | 111 | 3014 | 3.68 (3.07–4.42) | 2.47 (1.94–3.13) |
| Serious herpes zoster | 26 | 2104 | 1.24 (0.84–1.81) | 3 | 3095 | 0.10 (0.03–0.30) | 12.73 (3.72–43.55) |
| Serious bacterial infection | 27 | 2094 | 1.29 (0.89–1.88) | 29 | 3064 | 0.95 (0.66–1.36) | 1.41 (0.83–2.38) |
| Opportunistic infection | 2 | 2126 | 0.09 (0.02–0.38) | 3 | 3097 | 0.10 (0.03–0.30) | 0.91 (0.16–5.31) |
| Patients age ≥ 60 years (n = 1 192 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 1 798 for TNF inhibitor) | |||||||
| Herpes zoster | 179 | 1172 | 15.28 (13.35–17.48) | 94 | 1430 | 6.57 (5.41–7.99) | 2.35 (1.83–3.03) |
| Serious herpes zoster | 35 | 1325 | 2.64 (1.91–3.66) | 7 | 1492 | 0.47 (0.22–0.98) | 5.57 (2.46–12.62) |
| Serious bacterial infection | 20 | 1343 | 1.49 (0.96–2.30) | 30 | 1475 | 2.03 (1.43–2.90) | 0.69 (0.38–1.23) |
| Opportunistic infection | 2 | 1355 | 0.15 (0.04–0.59) | 12 | 1495 | 0.80 (0.46–1.41) | 0.20 (0.04–0.88) |
| No MTX combination (n = 729 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 1 147 for TNF inhibitor) | |||||||
| Herpes zoster | 81 | 809 | 10.02 (8.15–12.31) | 61 | 1046 | 5.83 (4.57–7.44) | 1.76 (1.26–2.46) |
| Serious herpes zoster | 15 | 874 | 1.72 (1.04–2.83) | 3 | 1137 | 0.26 (0.09–0.82) | 6.94 (1.91–25.22) |
| Serious bacterial infection | 16 | 875 | 1.83 (1.13–2.97) | 20 | 1101 | 1.82 (1.18–2.80) | 0.99 (0.51–1.93) |
| Opportunistic infection | 2 | 891 | 0.23 (0.06–0.90) | 8 | 1137 | 0.70 (0.35–1.40) | 0.34 (0.07–1.63) |
| MTX combination (n = 2 221 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 4 030 for TNF inhibitor) | |||||||
| Herpes zoster | 278 | 2297 | 12.10 (10.93–13.62) | 179 | 3530 | 5.07 (4.40–5.85) | 2.41 (1.99–2.91) |
| Serious herpes zoster | 47 | 2535 | 1.85 (1.40–2.46) | 8 | 3646 | 0.22 (0.11–0.44) | 7.97 (3.80–16.70) |
| Serious bacterial infection | 32 | 2545 | 1.23 (0.89–1.77) | 38 | 3625 | 1.05 (0.76–1.44) | 1.19 (0.74–1.92) |
| Opportunistic infection | 2 | 2573 | 0.08 (0.02–0.31) | 9 | 3651 | 0.25 (0.13–0.47) | 0.33 (0.07–1.53) |
| No steroid combination (n = 652 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 1 405 for TNF inhibitor) | |||||||
| Herpes zoster | 81 | 675 | 11.99 (9.78–14.71) | 43 | 1226 | 3.51 (2.61–4.70) | 3.42 (2.36–4.95) |
| Serious herpes zoster | 8 | 742 | 1.08 (0.54–2.15) | 1 | 1261 | 0.08 (0.01–0.56) | 22.96 (1.61–327.06) |
| Serious bacterial infection | 10 | 744 | 1.34 (0.73–2.49) | 12 | 1251 | 0.96 (0.55–1.68) | 1.45 (0.62–3.40) |
| Opportunistic infection | 1 | 750 | 0.13 (0.02–0.95) | 4 | 1260 | 0.32 (0.12–0.84) | 0.42 (0.05–3.74) |
| Steroid combination (n = 2 275 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 3 760 for TNF inhibitor) | |||||||
| Herpes zoster | 270 | 2419 | 11.16 (9.97–12.49) | 166 | 3316 | 5.01 (4.32–5.81) | 2.23 (1.83–2.71) |
| Serious herpes zoster | 53 | 2655 | 2.00 (1.53–2.61) | 10 | 3426 | 0.29 (0.16–0.54) | 6.44 (3.30–12.57) |
| Serious bacterial infection | 37 | 2661 | 1.39 (1.01–1.91) | 38 | 3390 | 1.12 (0.82–1.54) | 1.27 (0.80–2.01) |
| Opportunistic infection | 3 | 2699 | 0.11 (0.04–0.34) | 16 | 3430 | 0.47 (0.29–0.76) | 0.26 (0.08–0.91) |
aPer 100 person-years. CI Confidence interval, HR Hazard ratio, IR Incidence rate, MTX Methotrexate, PY Person-years