Table 2.

EFA and CFA of BWAS based on Sample A (N = 347) and Sample B (N = 347) respectively

Items How often in the last year have you…	Addiction components	Factor Loadings in EFA	Factor Loadings in CFA
1. Thought of how you could free up more time to work?	Salience	0.640	0.733***
2. Spent much more time working than initially intended?	Tolerance	0.722	0.764***
3. Worked in order to reduce feelings of guilt, anxiety, helplessness and depression?	Mood modification	0.452	0.579***
4. Been told by others to cut down on work without listening to them?	Relapse	0.570	0.704***
5. Become stressed if you have been prohibited from working?	Withdrawal	0.611	0.602***
6. Deprioritized hobbies, leisure activities, and exercise because of your work?	Conflict	0.460	0.571***
7. Worked so much that it has negatively influenced your health?	Problems	0.622	0.586***

Note. BWAS = Bergen Work Addiction Scale, Exploratory factor analysis = EFA, Confirmatory factor analysis = CFA. All items were rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Never, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Often, 5 = Always)