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. 2023 Jul 26;22:107. doi: 10.1186/s12944-023-01818-y

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Photomicrographs of the effects of estradiol and selected antihyperlipidemic drugs on the ascending aorta of ovariectomized Wistar rats fed with thermoxidized palm oil diet. (5a) Sham (5b) OVX (5c) OVX + TPO (5d) ATV (5e) EZE + ATV (5f) ETD

Note the thickening of the tunica media indicated by TM and aortic recanalization indicated by the yellow arrow in OVX + TPO. Note the reduced amount of red blood cells in the luminal aspect of the aortic wall and the preservation of the elastic laminae of the tunica media indicated by TM in ATV, EZE + ATV and ETD treatment groups. H&E staining of the rat aorta (x100 magnification)

OVX – ovariectomy; TPO – thermoxidised palm oil; EC – endothelial cells; TM – tunica media; TI – tunica intima; TA – tunica adventitial; PAT – peri-adventitial fat; ATV – atorvastatin; EZE – ezetimibe; ETD – estradiol