Table. Baseline Characteristics and Histologic Diagnoses and Stage in the ACCELERATE and Reference Groups.
| Characteristic | Patients, No./total No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| ACCELERATE cohort | Reference group | |
| Age at diagnosis, median (range), y | 68 (33-91) | 68 (39-91) |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 70/150 (47) | 47/89 (53) |
| Male | 80/150 (53) | 42/89 (47) |
| Smoking history | ||
| Never smoker | 61/150 (41) | 32/89 (36) |
| Light ex-smoker (<15 packs/y) | 9/150 (6) | 11/89 (12) |
| Former | 63/150 (42) | 28/89 (32) |
| Current | 17/150 (11) | 18/89 (20) |
| ECOG performance statusa | ||
| 0 | 38/150 (25) | NA |
| 1 | 62/150 (41) | |
| 2 | 37/150 (25) | |
| 3 | 13/150 (9) | |
| Race and ethnicitya | ||
| Asian | 47/126 (37) | NA |
| Black | 1/126 (1) | |
| Hispanic | 5/126 (4) | |
| White | 73/126 (58) | |
| Diagnosis | ||
| Malignant neoplasm | 139/150 (93) | 89/89 (100) |
| Negative biopsy | 6/150 (4) | |
| Not biopsiedb | 5/150 (3) | |
| Primary tumor | ||
| NSCLC | 107/150 (71) | 89/89 (100) |
| Small cell lung cancer | 14/150 (9) | |
| Not lung primaryc | 18/150 (12) | |
| Histologic subtypes (NSCLC) | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 81/107 (76) | 82/89 (92) |
| Squamous carcinoma | 12/107 (11) | 0 |
| Large cell | 5/107 (5) | 4/89 (5) |
| Sarcomatoid | 1/107 (1) | 0 |
| NSCLC NOS | 5/107 (5) | 3/89 (3) |
| Atypical carcinoid | 2/107 (2) | 0 |
| Lymphoepithelioma-like | 1/107 (1) | 0 |
| Final stage at diagnosis (NSCLC)d | ||
| I-II | 3/107 (3) | 0 |
| III | 10/107 (9) | 10/89 (11) |
| IV | 94/107 (88) | 79/89 (89) |
ACCELERATE, Accelerating Lung Cancer Diagnosis Through Liquid Biopsy; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; NA, not applicable; NOS, not otherwise specified; NSCLC, non–small cell lung cancer.
Not documented in the ACCELERATE cohort: ethnicity (n = 24). ECOG performance status and ethnicity were not systematically collected in the historical Lung Rapid Assessment and Management Program cohort.
A total of 5 patients did not undergo tissue biopsy: 3 declined, 1 did not tolerate procedure, and 1 underwent rapid deterioration and death before tissue biopsy was done.
A total of 18 patients with non–lung cancer diagnoses including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n = 4); thoracic metastases from breast, prostate, and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma (2 each); gastrointestinal stromal tumor; Hodgkin lymphoma; carcinoma of unknown primary; melanoma; mesothelioma; plasmacytoma; endometrial adenocarcinoma; and uterine leiomyosarcoma (1 each).
A total of 3 patients with stage IA NSCLC in the ACCELERATE cohort: 1 with pleural effusion (later determined to be nonmalignant), 1 with suspicious liver lesion (later determined to be benign cysts), and 1 with suspicious bone lesion (benign bone island).