TABLE 1.
Molecular quantification methods for fecal indicator bacteria and target Vibrio spp.
| Target bacteria | Matrix | Methoda | Method reference | Gene target | PCR reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fecal coliform/Escherichia coli | Oyster | 5-tube, 3-dilution MPN MTF (LST, EC-mug for confirmation) | APHA, 1970 (42) | ||
| Fecal coliform/E. coli | Water | EPA method 1603: membrane filtration with mTEC | USEPA, 2009 (43) | ||
| Enterococcus spp. | Water | EPA method 1600: membrane filtration on mEI | USEPA, 2009 (44) | ||
| Vibrio parahaemolyticus | Oyster/Water | Spread plate on CHROMagar Vibrio + isolate confirmation by PCR | Froelich et al., 2017 (45) | toxR | Taiwo et al. 2017 (46) |
| Vibrio vulnificus | Oyster/Water | Spread plate on CHROMagar Vibrio + isolate confirmation by PCR | Froelich et al., 2017 (45) | vvhA | Warner and Oliver, 2008 (47) |
a
MTF, Multiple Tube Fermentation; mTEC, membrane-Thermotolerant Escherichia coli agar; mEI, membrane-Enterococcus Indoxyl-ß-D-Glucoside Agar.