[Preprint]. 2024 Jan 30:2023.07.18.23292828. Originally published 2023 Jul 23. [Version 2] doi: 10.1101/2023.07.18.23292828

Table 2.

Neuropsychological test results for controls and exposed subjects

Test	Controls (n=31)	Exposed subjects (n=42)	P-value

Overall Cognition...............................................................................................0.063
Processing/Psychomotor speed..........................................................................0.046
Stroop-Color^b	−0.35 ± 1.16	−0.80 ± 1.03	0.034
Stroop-Word^b	−0.03 ± 1.05	−0.84 ± 1.19	0.004
Symbol Search^a	0.88 ± 0.99	0.43 ± 0.67	0.011
Trail Making-A^b	0.69 ± 0.79	0.50 ± 0.75	0.203
Executive function........................................................................<0.001
Color-word^b	0.12 ± 0.58	0.06 ± 0.70	0.512
Symbol-Digit Coding^a	0.46 ± 1.06	−0.10 ± 0.78	0.010
Phonemic Fluency^b	0.36 ± 0.87	−0.31 ± 0.73	<0.001
Trail Making-B^b	0.51 ± 0.83	−0.35± 1.41	0.004
Language.............................................................................................................0.487
Picture Naming^a	0.24 ± 1.13	0.59 ± 0.24	0.468
Semantic Fluency^a	0.04 ± 1.06	−0.23 ± 0.99	0.365
Visuospatial Processing......................................................................................0.045
Judgement of Line Orientation^a	0.69 ± 0.94	0.55 ± 0.82	0.858
Complex Figure Copy^a	−0.22 ± 0.86	−1.09 ± 1.35	0.013
Learning/Memory..............................................................................................0.055
List Learning^a	−0.64 ± 0.93	−0.76 ± 1.00	0.493
Immediate Story Recall^a	0.06 ± 0.93	−0.42 ± 1.04	0.151
Delayed List Recall^a	−0.73 ± 0.98	−0.52 ± 1.01	0.192
Delayed Story Recall^a	0.13 ± 0.90	−0.46 ± 1.04	0.049
Delayed Figure Recall^a	−0.13 ± 1.10	0.01 ± 1.16	0.261
Attention/working memory...............................................................................0.126
Letter Number Sequencing^a	0.30 ± 1.00	0.03 ± 0.94	0.906
Digit Span^a	0.81 ± 1.11	0.09 ± 0.83	0.131
Spatial Span^a	0.34 ± 0.65	−0.10 ± 0.93	0.176

Data represent the mean ± SD. Test scores were converted to z-scores based on age- (denoted as ^a) or age- and education- (denoted as ^b) adjusted norm (t- or scaled) scores. Higher scores indicate better performance. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted with Group as the independent variable and individual subtests of each cognitive domain as the dependent variables. Bold numbers indicate significant result at p<0.05. Education level was additionally adjusted for the cognitive domains language, visuospatial processing, learning/memory, and attention/working memory.