Table 2.
Psychiatric diagnostic rates in XXY/KS and XYY
| DSM-V Diagnosis (K-SADS) | Disorder Prevalence, n (%) | Chi-square comparison | Logistic regression model (covarying for age & IQ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| XXY/KS | XYY | Chi-square statistic | p-value | β for SCA group (XYY) | p-value | |
| Any disorder (d/o) | 89 (87) | 53 (83) | 0.53 | 0.47 | −0.39 | 0.46 |
| Any neurodevelopmental d/o | 80 (78) | 50 (78) | <.0001 | 1 | −0.25 | 0.55 |
| Autism spectrum d/o | 33 (34) | 9 (14) | 6.77 | 0.01 | −1.23 | 0.007 |
| Attention-deficit hyperactivity d/o | 66 (65) | 43 (67) | 0.01 | 0.94 | −0.11 | 0.76 |
| Tic d/o | 7 (7) | 10 (16) | 2.33 | 0.13 | 1.31 | 0.02 |
| Obsessive-compulsive d/o | 2 (2) | 2 (3) | - | - | - | - |
| Any elimination d/o | 27 (27) | 21 (32) | 0.44 | 0.51 | 0.17 | 0.66 |
| Enuresis | 26 (26) | 20 (30) | 0.35 | 0.55 | 0.17 | 0.66 |
| Encopresis | 1 (<1) | 4 (<1) | - | - | - | - |
| Any mood d/o | 18 (18) | 10 (16) | 0.02 | 0.88 | 0.06 | 0.89 |
| Bipolar d/o | 1 (<1) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Depressive d/o | 12 (12) | 5 (8) | 0.33 | 0.57 | 0.03 | 0.96 |
| Disruptive mood dysregulation d/o | 5(5) | 6 (9) | - | - | 0.25 | 0.71 |
| Any anxiety d/o | 33 (33) | 6 (9) | 10.53 | 0.001 | −1.47 | 0.003 |
| Any trauma- or stress-related d/o | 7 (7) | 1 (2) | - | - | - | - |
| Reactive attachment d/o | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Post-traumatic stress d/o | 7 (7) | 1 (2) | - | - | - | - |
| Any disruptive/impulse-control d/o | 4 (4) | 5 (8) | - | - | 0.75 | 0.31 |
| Oppositional defiant d/o | 4 (4) | 4 (6) | - | - | 0.4 | 0.61 |
| Conduct d/o | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Intermittent explosive d/o | - | 1 (2) | - | - | - | - |
| Substance use d/o | 1 (<1) | - | - | - | - | - |
Diagnostic rates based on the K-SADS (and ADI/ADOS for ASD) are provided for XXY/KS and XYY. K-SADS data is available for 101/102 XXY/KS probands and all XYY probands. ASD diagnostic data is available for 98/102 XXY/KS probands and all XYY probands. We provide direct comparisons of psychiatric diagnostic rates between the two SCAs using chi-square tests and use logistic regression models to assess whether these differences persist after accounting for age and IQ.