Table 2.
Comparison of Randomized Groups on cumulative hypotension and severe hypotension
| Total monitoring time | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HPI group (N = 30) | Control group (N = 30) | Hodges-Lehman estimation* (95% CI) |
P value§ | |
| Primary Outcome | ||||
| TWA-MAP < 65 mmHg per patient, mmHg | 0.14 (0.04, 0.66) | 0.77 (0.36, 1.30) | − 0.57 (− 0.95 to − 0.32) | < 0.001 |
| Monitoring time, min | 253 (201, 324) | 325 (220, 387) | − 43 (− 110 to 11) | 0.147 |
| Secondary Outcomes | ||||
| Hypotension (MAP < 65 mmHg) | ||||
| Hypotensive events in dataset | 97 | 313 | ||
| Patients with hypotensive events | 30 (100) | 30 (100) | > 0.999† | |
| Hypotensive events per patient | 2 (1, 5) | 7 (5, 13) | − 5 (− 8 to − 3) | < 0.001 |
| Duration of hypotensive events per patient, min | 7 (2, 12) | 35 (20, 81) | − 29 (− 56 to − 18) | < 0.001 |
| Percentage of time with MAP < 65 mmHg | 2.7 (0.9, 4.2) | 13.7 (6.9, 24.4) | − 10 (− 18.4 to -5.9) | < 0.001 |
| Area for MAP < 65 mmHg per patient, mmHg·min | 46 (10, 73.5) | 221.3 (141, 427.4) | − 170.1 (− 272.7 to − 108.3) | < 0.001 |
| Severe Hypotension (MAP < 50 mmHg) | ||||
| Severe hypotensive events in dataset | 5 | 14 | ||
| Patients with severe hypotensive events | 5 (17) | 10 (33) | 0.233† | |
| Hypotensive events per patient | 1 (1, 1) | 1 (1, 2) | − 0.00 (− 1 to 0) | 0.129 |
| Duration of hypotensive events per patient, min | 2 (2, 2) | 4 (2, 7) | − 1 (− 6 to 0.3) | 0.134 |
| Percentage of time with MAP < 50 mmHg | 0.74 (0.48, 0.96) | 1.02 (0.64, 1.96) | − 0.38 (− 5.81 to 0.29) | 0.254 |
| Area for MAP < 50 mmHg per patient, mmHgmin | 8.6 (4.6, 23.3) | 19.5 (8.3, 32.6) | − 6.5 (− 31.3 to 12) | 0.371 |
| TWA-MAP < 50 mmHg per patient, mmHg | 0.03 (0.02, 0.07) | 0.04 (0.02, 0.13) | − 0.01 (− 0.29 to 0.05) | 0.594 |
| Hypertension (MAP > 110 mmHg) | ||||
| Hypertensive events in dataset | 21 | 4 | ||
| Patients with hypertensive events | 15 (50) | 4 (14) | 0.005 | |
| Hypertensive events per patient | 0.5 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.003 |
| Duration of hypertensive events per patient, min | 0.7 (0, 3.7) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0–1.66) | 0.004 |
| Percentage of time with MAP > 110 mmHg | 3.3 (0, 18.3) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0–8.33) | 0.004 |
| Area for MAP > 110 mmHg, mmHg·min | 4.7 (0, 39.7) | 0 (0, 0.3) | 1.67 (0–1.17) | < 0.001 |
| TWA-MAP > 110 mmHg per patient, mmHg | 0.23 (0, 1.98) | 0 (0, 0.17) | 0.08 (0–0) | < 0.001 |
| Severe Hypertension (MAP > 130 mmHg) | ||||
| Severe hypertensive events in dataset | 5 | 1 | ||
| Patients with severe hypertensive events | 4 (14) | 1 (3) | 0.353† | |
| Severe hypertensive events per patient | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (− 0 to 0) | 0.189 |
| Duration of severe hypertensive events per patient, min | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (− 0 to 0) | 0.206 |
| Percentage of time with MAP > 130 mmHg | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (− 0 to 0) | 0.206 |
| Area for MAP > 130 mmHg (AUT), mmHg·min | 0 (0, 3) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (− 0 to 0) | 0.011 |
| TWA-MAP > 130 mmHg per patient, mmHg | 0 (0, 0.15) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (− 0 to 0) | 0.011 |
Data are presented as N (%) or median (IQR)
HPI Hypotension Prediction Index, TWA Time-weighted average. MAP mean arterial pressure
*Hodges-Lehman estimation of location shift and 95% CI. §P value corresponded to Wilcoxon rank sum test. †P value corresponded to Chi Square test or Fisher’s exact test in case of expected frequencies < 5