Table 1 –
Effects of risk factors on the baseline risk for competing events
| Characteristic | Outcome | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cancer-related event (metastasis or cancer death) HR a (95% CI) |
Competing mortality HR a (95% CI) |
Event-free survival (cancer event or competing mortality) HR a (95% CI) |
Ratio of cancer event to competing mortality rHR a (95% CI) |
|
| Age | ||||
| Age, per yr | 1.01 (0.97, 1.06) | 1.06 (1.03, 1.09) | 1.05 (1.02, 1.07) | 0.95 (0.90, 0.99) |
| Age (ns) b | 0.86 (0.63, 1.19) | 0.87 (0.72, 1.05) | 0.85 (0.72, 1.01) | 0.98 (0.68, 1.43) |
| Age (ns) c | 0.73 (0.63, 0.85) | 0.86 (0.76, 0.98) | 0.80 (0.73, 0.88) | 0.85 (0.70, 1.04) |
| KPS | ||||
| 70–80 | – | 1.90 (1.36, 2.64) | 1.75 (1.32, 2.31) | – |
| 90–100 | – | Reference | Reference | – |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Any | – | 1.63 (1.27, 2.10) | 1.31 (1.07, 1.60) | 0.51 (0.35, 0.74) |
| Cardiovascular | – | 1.24 (1.01, 1.53) | 1.19 (1.01, 1.42) | – |
| Diabetes | 1.51 (1.06, 2.16) | 1.57 (1.24, 1.98) | 1.59 (1.30, 1.94) | – |
| Hypertension | – | – | – | – |
| Cumulative (no.) | – | – | – | – |
| T category | ||||
| T1–2a | Reference | – | – | – |
| T2b | 1.46 (1.08, 1.98) | – | – | 1.50 (1.02, 2.21) |
| Gleason score | ||||
| ≤6 | Reference | – | Reference | Reference |
| 3 + 4 | 1.64 (1.17, 2.29) | – | 1.33 (1.10, 1.61) | 1.36 (0.90, 2.04) |
| 4 + 3 | 1.94 (1.26, 2.97) | – | 1.26 (0.96, 1.64) | 1.97 (1.14, 3.40) |
| ≥8 | 2.16 (1.44, 3.25) | – | 1.19 (0.92, 1.54) | 2.50 (1.47, 4.25) |
| PSA, per ng/ml | 1.08 (1.05, 1.12) | – | 1.04 (1.02, 1.06) | 1.06 (1.02, 1.10) |
| ≥50% positive cores | – | – | – | – |
CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; ns = natural splines; KPS = Karnofsky performance status; PSA = prostate-specific antigen; rHR = relative hazard ratio.
a
Values in bold are statistically significant (p < 0.05).
b
Adjusted hazard ratio estimates are presented.
c
Second basis vector (normalised).