Table 1. Demographics of the participants.
| Location |
P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tokyo (n=20) | Aomori (n=95) | |||
| Age of owner | ||||
| 20s | 2 (10%) | 1 (1%) | 0.293 | |
| 30s | 4 (20%) | 18 (19%) | ||
| 40s | 8 (40%) | 30 (32%) | ||
| 50s | 4 (20%) | 24 (25%) | ||
| 60s | 2 (10%) | 17 (18%) | ||
| 70s | 0 (0%) | 5 (5%) | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 17 (85%) | 68 (72%) | 0.272 | |
| Male | 3 (15%) | 27 (28%) | ||
| Housemate | ||||
| 0 | 1 (5%) | 1 (1%) | 0.818 | |
| 1 | 5 (25%) | 27 (28%) | ||
| 2 | 6 (30%) | 33 (35%) | ||
| 3 | 3 (15%) | 16 (17%) | ||
| >3 | 3 (15%) | 16 (17%) | ||
| NA | 2 (10%) | 2 (2%) | ||
| Age of dog | ||||
| <6 year | 11 (55%) | 55 (58%) | 0.614 | |
| ≥6 year | 9 (45%) | 33 (35%) | ||
| NA | 0 (0%) | 7 (7%) | ||
| Origin of the dog | ||||
| Breeder | 7 (35%) | 15 (16%) | 0.022 | |
| Petshop | 10 (50%) | 27 (28%) | ||
| Custody | 1 (5%) | 8 (8%) | ||
| Other | 2 (10%) | 35 (37%) | ||
| NA | 0 (0%) | 10 (11%) | ||
| Breed groups | ||||
| Ancient and spitz breeds (Shiba Inu: 9) | 1 (5%) | 8 (8%) | 0.769 | |
| Toy dogs (Shih-Tzu: 1, Papillon: 1, Pug: 2, Pomeranian: 2, Chihuahua: 8) | 4 (20%) | 10 (11%) | ||
| Spaniels, scent hounds, and poodles (Beagle: 2, Bolognese: 1, Dachshund: 16, Maltese: 1, Poodle: 20) | 10 (50%) | 30 (32%) | ||
| Working dogs (German Shepherd Dog: 1, Miniature Schnauzer: 2) | 0 (0%) | 3 (3%) | ||
| Small Terriers (Yorkshire Terrier: 1) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | ||
| Sight hounds and herding dogs (Italian Greyhound: 1, Shetland Sheepdog: 1, Welsh Corgi: 2) | 0 (0%) | 4 (4%) | ||
| Retriever (Labrador Retriever: 3, Golden Retriever: 3) | 0 (0%) | 6 (6%) | ||
| Mastiff-like breeds (French Bulldog: 1) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | ||
| Mongrel (Small dogs originated from Chihuahuas, Dachshunds, etc.: 12, unspecified due to lack of information: 21) | 5 (25%) | 28 (29%) | ||
| NA | 0 (0%) | 4 (4%) | ||
| Sex of the dog | ||||
| Intact female | 0 (0%) | 7 (7%) | 0.186 | |
| Intact male | 3 (15%) | 26 (27%) | ||
| Spayed female | 7 (35%) | 32 (34%) | ||
| Castrated male | 10 (50%) | 25 (26%) | ||
| NA | 0 (0%) | 5 (5%) | ||
| Area the dog live | ||||
| Indoor | 19 (95%) | 80 (84%) | 1.000 | |
| Outdoor | 1 (5%) | 8 (8%) | ||
| NA | 0 (0%) | 7 (7%) | ||
Independences of location and each factor were evaluated by Fisher’s exact test. The bold numbers show that P<0.05. NA: Not available.