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. 2023 Jul 13;14:1214504. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1214504

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Copyright © 2023 Bentouati, Romdhani, Abid, Khemila, Garbarino and Souissi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The Profile of Mood State (POMS) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) before and after exercise during the protocol sessions. N30: 30-min nap; WUMM: warm-up with self-selected motivational music; WUMM + N30: combination of N30 with WUMM. ^*, ^**, ^***: significant difference with before exercise at p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively; ⁺, ⁺⁺, ⁺⁺⁺: significant difference in comparison with Control at p < 0.05, p < 0.01,p < 0.001, respectively; ^#, ^##, ^###: significant difference in comparison with N30 at p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively; ^£, ^££, ^£££: significant difference in comparison with WUMM at p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively.