TABLE 3.
Multivariate analysis of relative factors for low BMI in COPD patients.
| Variables | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p-values | aOR | a95% CI | aP values | |
| Age | 1.020 | 0.998–1.043 | 0.069 | 1.025 | 1.000–1.050 | 0.046 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | Reference | |||||
| Male | 0.763 | 0.465–1.250 | 0.283 | |||
| Education level | ||||||
| Under junior high school | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Over high school | 0.574 | 0.354–0.932 | 0.025 | 0.595 | 0.358–0.988 | 0.045 |
| Smoke history | ||||||
| Never smoker | Reference | |||||
| Ex-smoker | 1.126 | 0.720–1.760 | 0.603 | |||
| Current smoker | 0.861 | 0.538–1.377 | 0.532 | |||
| Smoking (packs/year) | 0.995 | 0.989–1.001 | 0.113 | |||
| Biofuel exposure | ||||||
| No | Reference | |||||
| Yes | 1.428 | 0.997–2.045 | 0.052 | |||
| Pulmonary function | ||||||
| FEV1/FVC | 0.968 | 0.954–0.983 | <0.001 | |||
| GOLD grades | ||||||
| 1 | Reference | Reference | ||||
| 2 | 2.524 | 0.752–8.477 | 0.134 | 3.051 | 0.877–10.620 | 0.080 |
| 3 | 5.393 | 1.648–17.646 | 0.005 | 7.006 | 1.861–26.378 | 0.004 |
| 4 | 9.842 | 2.935–33.003 | <0.001 | 15.296 | 3.496–66.933 | <0.001 |
| CAT | 1.064 | 1.036–1.093 | <0.001 | |||
| mMRC | 1.354 | 1.127–1.627 | 0.001 | |||
| Exacerbations in the past year | 1.061 | 1.014–1.100 | 0.011 | |||
| Hospitalizations in the past year | 1.252 | 1.091–1.435 | 0.001 | 1.117 | 1.006–1.360 | 0.041 |
Multivariate analysis: Adjusting for FEV1/FVC, mMRC, CAT, and exacerbations in the past year. The bold p-values indicate statistical significance.
BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CAT, COPD Assessment Test; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC, forced vital capacity; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council; aOR, adjusted odds ratio.