TABLE 4.
Clinical characteristics in different BMI groups of COPD patients after propensity score matching (PSM).
| Variables | Total (N = 372) | PSM | p-values | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low BMI (N = 96) | Normal BMI (N = 183) | High BMI (N = 93) | |||
| Age (years) | 65.3 ± 8.5 | 66.3 ± 9.2 | 65.5 ± 8.2 | 63.8 ± 8.5 | 0.128 |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.557 | ||||
| Male | 310 (83.3) | 83 (86.5) | 152 (83.1) | 75 (80.6) | |
| Female | 61 (16.7) | 13 (13.5) | 31 (16.9) | 18 (19.4) | |
| Education, n (%) | 0.054 | ||||
| Under junior high school | 313 (84.1) | 82 (85.4) | 160 (87.4) | 71 (76.3) | |
| Over high school | 58 (15.9) | 24 (14.6) | 23 (12.6) | 22 (23.7) | |
| Smoke history, n (%) | 0.232 | ||||
| Never smoker | 110 (29.6) | 24 (25.0) | 56 (30.6) | 30 (32.3) | |
| Ex-smoker | 149 (40.1) | 45 (46.9) | 64 (35.0) | 40 (43.0) | |
| Current smoker | 113 (30.3) | 7 (28.1) | 63 (34.4) | 23 (24.7) | |
| Smoke (packs/year), (median, IQR) | 30 (0, 50) | 30 (9.5, 40.8) | 30 (0, 50) | 30 (0, 50) | 0.830 |
| Biofuel exposure, n (%) | 0.677 | ||||
| Yes | 166 (44.6) | 43 (44.8) | 85 (46.4) | 38 (40.9) | |
| No | 206 (55.4) | 53 (55.2) | 98 (53.6) | 55 (59.1) | |
| Pulmonary function (mean ± SD) | |||||
| FEV1 %pred | 41.8 ± 15.7 | 41.1 ± 16.1 | 41.2 ± 15.8 | 43.8 ± 14.9 | 0.378 |
| FEV1/FVC | 42.0 ± 11.4 | 41.9 ± 13.2 | 41.1 ± 10.6 | 44.2 ± 10.7 | 0.097 |
| GOLD group, n (%) | 0.464 | ||||
| A | 32 (8.6) | 11 (11.5) | 14 (7.7) | 7 (7.5) | |
| B | 184 (49.5) | 40 (41.7) | 100 (54.6) | 44 (47.3) | |
| C | 34 (9.1) | 9 (9.4) | 17 (9.3) | 8 (8.6) | |
| D | 122 (32.8) | 36 (37.5) | 52 (28.4) | 34 (36.6) | |
| CAT (mean ± SD) | 16.5 ± 6.5 | 16.7 ± 6.8 | 16.8 ± 6.6 | 15.7 ± 5.9 | 0.384 |
| mMRC (median, IQR) | 2 (2, 3) | 2 (2, 3) | 2 (2, 3) | 2 (2, 3) | 0.554 |
| Therapy, n (%) | |||||
| LAMA | 96 (25.8) | 25 (26.0) | 52 (28.4) | 19 (20.4) | 0.357 |
| LABA+ICS | 15 (4.0) | 3 (3.1) | 8 (4.4) | 4 (4.3) | 0.888 |
| LABA+LAMA | 33 (8.9) | 10 (10.4) | 13 (7.1) | 10 (10.8) | 0.497 |
| LABA+LAMA+ICS | 200 (53.8) | 50 (52.2) | 95 (51.9) | 55 (59.1) | 0.486 |
| Others a | 28 (7.5) | 8 (8.3) | 15 (8.2) | 5 (5.4) | 0.662 |
| Exacerbations in the past year (median, IQR) | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (0, 3) | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (0, 2) | 0.850 |
| Hospitalizations in the past year (median, IQR) | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 0) | 0.420 |
a
Others including SAMA, SABA, SAMA+SABA, and no inhalation therapy.
BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CAT, COPD Assessment Test; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC, forced vital capacity; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; LAMA, Long-acting muscarinic antagonist; LABA, long-acting β2-agonist; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council; PSM, propensity score matching; SAMA, short-acting muscarinic antagonist; SABA, short-acting β2-agonist.