Table 2.
Treatment Efficacy (Cure Rate) Among Case Reports
| L-AmB Treatment Regimen |
No. of Cases (%) | No. of Immuno-compromised Patientsa (% Row) | Clinical Forms of Leishmaniasis (% row) |
No. of Cases for Which Primary Outcome Was Reported (%, Col) | No. of Curesb (%; 95% CI) n = 79 |
No. of Cures Using WHO Definitionc (% Row) n = 79 |
Follow-up Range, mo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L-AmB only (1 cycle) | 42 (45.65) | 13 (30.95) | CL = 27 (64.29) ML = 9 (21.43) MCL = 5 (11.90) DL = 1 (2.38) |
35 (44.30) | 32 (91.43; 76.94–98.20) | IR = 8 (25.00) IC = 3 (9.38) DC = 20 (62.50) |
1–60 |
| L-AmB with other concomitant treatment | 3 (3.26) | 2 (66.67) | CL = 0 (0) ML = 2 (66.67) MCL = 1 (33.33) DL = 0 (0) |
2 (2.53) | 2 (100; 15.81–100) | IR = 1 (50.00) IC = 1 (50.00) DC = 0 |
2–3 |
| Other treatment followed by L-AmB | 22 (23.91) | 4 (18.18) | CL = 13 (59.09) ML = 1 (4.55) MCL = 4 (18.18) DL = 3 (13.64 LR = 1 (4.55) |
19 (24.05) | 14 (73.68; 48.80–90.85) | IR = 1 (7.14) IC = 6 (42.86) DC = 7 (50.00) |
2–12 |
| L-AmB followed by another treatment (or >1 cycle of L-AmB) | 25 (27.17) | 13 (52.00) | CL = 12 (48.00) ML = 3 (12.00) MCL = 7 (28.00) DL = 3 (12.00) |
23 (29.11) | 17 (73.91; 51.59–89.77) | IR = 3 (16.67) IC = 3 (16.67) DC = 12 (66.67) |
1–36 |
| Overall results | 92 (100) | 32 (100) | CL = 52 (56.52) ML = 15 (16.30) MCL = 17 (18.48) DL = 7 (7.61) LR = 1 (1.09) |
79 (100) | 65 (82.28; 72.06–89.96) | IR = 13 (19.70) IC = 13 (19.70) DC = 39 (59.09) |
1–60 |
Abbreviations: CL, cutaneous leishmaniasis; DL, disseminated/diffuse leishmaniasis; LR, leishmaniasis recidivans; MCL, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis; ML, mucosal leishmaniasis; WHO, World Health Organization.
a
Immunosuppression status was available only for 73 of 92 (79.35%) patients.
b
Cure according to the respective study authors, with a minimal follow-up of 4 weeks. Including 79 studies that reported on this outcome.
c
WHO defines cure as follows: initial response, 28–83 days (IR); initial cure, 84–179 days (IC); definitive cure, ≥180 days (DC).