Table 1.
Demographics and Outcomes of Participants With Adjudicated Episodes of Pneumonia
| Demographics and Outcomes of Study Participants | |
|---|---|
| Variable | No. (%) |
| Age, median [IQR], y | 62 [51–72] |
| Gender | |
| Male | 349 (59.0) |
| Female | 244 (41.1) |
| Ethnicity | |
| Hispanic | 124 (20.9) |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 446 (75.2) |
| Not answered | 23 (3.9) |
| Race (self-identified) | |
| African American or Black | 119 (20.1) |
| American Indian or Alaska Native or Asian Indian | 6 (1.0) |
| Asian | 17 (2.9) |
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 2 (0.3) |
| White | 351 (59.2) |
| None of the above or patient declined to answer | 98 (16.5) |
| Pneumonia category for initial episode (n = 593) | |
| Clinical CAP | 132 (22.3) |
| Clinical HAP | 205 (34.6) |
| Clinical VAP | 162 (27.3) |
| Nonpneumonia episode (37 single adjudicator, 57 adjudicated)a | 94 (15.9) |
| Pneumonia etiology (n = 593) | |
| Viral only | 153 (25.8) |
| Bacterial only | 150 (25.3) |
| Viral/bacterial coinfection | 87 (14.7) |
| Indeterminate | 3 (0.1) |
| Culture-negative | 106 (17.9) |
| Nonpneumonia | 94 (15.9) |
| No. of episodes (n = 593) | |
| Multiple episodes | 120 (20.2) |
| Single episode | 473 (79.8) |
| Comorbid conditions | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 124 (20.9) |
| Congestive heart failure | 173 (29.2) |
| Malignancy | 200 (33.7) |
| Diabetes | 213 (35.9) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 212 (35.7) |
| Liver disease | 155 (25.2) |
| Renal disease | 159 (26.8) |
| Hospitalization | |
| Hospital length of stay, median [IQR] | 23 [13–37] |
| ICU length of stay, median [IQR] | 14 [6–25] |
| Patients with day 7–8 adjudicationa | 257 (60.0) |
| Hospital mortality | 189 (37.5) |
Abbreviations: CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; HAP, hospital-acquired pneumonia; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.
a
Patients with viral-only pneumonia, nonpneumonia, and those who were deceased, discharged, or transferred to another facility before day 7–8 did not have a day 7–8 adjudication. The etiologies of pneumonia and of nonpneumonia respiratory failure are listed in Supplementary Table 1.