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. 2023 Jul 13;14:1201770. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1201770

Table 3.

Results of multiple regression analysis examining the effect of leisure activity on well-being dimensions (hedonic well-being, eudaimonic well-being, psychological richness).

β t 95% CI
Hedonic well-being
(Intercept) 3.93*** 49.43 [3.87, 3.98]
Gender (0; male, 1; female) −0.16 −1.96 [−0.22, −0.11]
Age −0.16*** −3.81 [−0.19, −0.13]
Marriage (0; unmarried. 1; married) −0.39*** −4.29 [−0.46, −0.33]
Income 0.28*** 6.40 [0.25, 0.31]
Indoor activity 0.10* 2.37 [0.07, 0.12]
Outdoor activity 0.16*** 3.79 [0.13, 0.19]
Eudaimonic well-being
(Intercept) 3.82*** 55.43 [3.77, 3.87]
Gender (0; male, 1; female) 0.07 0.97 [0.02, 0.12]
Age −0.12** −3.16 [−0.14, −0.09]
Marriage (0; unmarried. 1; married) −0.27*** −3.36 [−0.32, −0.21]
Income 0.21*** 5.38 [0.18, 0.23]
Indoor activity 0.12*** 3.51 [0.1, 0.15]
Outdoor activity 0.12** 3.20 [0.09, 0.14]
Psychological richness
(Intercept) 4.13*** 68.04 [4.09, 4.17]
Gender (0; male, 1; female) −0.24*** −3.91 [−0.29, −0.2]
Age −0.03 −0.80 [−0.05, 0]
Marriage (0; unmarried. 1; married) −0.15* −2.19 [−0.2, −0.11]
Income 0.18*** 5.23 [0.15, 0.2]
Indoor activity 0.11*** 3.42 [0.08, 0.13]
Outdoor activity 0.09** 2.87 [0.07, 0.11]

β and CI indicate the standardized regression weights and the confidence interval, respectively. “Indoor activity” indicates an increase or decrease in leisure activity at home, while “outdoor activity” indicates an increase or decrease in leisure activity that involves going out. “Hedonic well-being” and “Eudaimonic well-being” were measured by the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, respectively; *** indicates p < 0.001; ** indicates p < 0.01; * indicates p < 0.05.