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. 2023 Jul 13;14:1221532. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1221532

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Copyright © 2023 O’Connor, Martinez, Koppensteiner, Mathieson and Akram

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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CAF derived TGF-β drives CXCL13 production and Foxp3 expression (A) Production of active-TGF-β by CAF in vitro, 6 biological replicates from independently derived CAF lines. (B) CXCL13 production by T cells activated alone, in the presence of CAF, and in the presence of CAF + SB431542. One representative experiment of 6 independent experiments (7 biological repeats) is shown. (C) Expression ofFoxp3 within the CD4+ T cell population after 96 hrs activation alone, in the presence of CAF, and in the presence of CAF plus SB431542 results from one of three independent experiments (5 biological repeats) are shown. Statistical analysis is one way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test.