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. 2023 May 22;35(5):403–422. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.05.012

Table 2.

Characteristics of included studies.

No. Study Type of Study Clinical trial/retrospective Group Sample Size (# of crowns) Participants Intervention Control Method of impression Method of fabrication Pressed/milled Follow-up Time
1 Ahn et al., 2020 (Ahn et al., 2022) Clinical trial CEREC, TRIOS
N = 12
EZIS:
N:16
Health status: without any general disease
Age: 24 to 83 y
Gender: 10 male and 30 female
MLD based on CAD/CAM system:
CEREC
EZIS
TRIOS
Digital impression
CEREC group: CEREC Bluecam
EZIS group: EZIS PO
TRIOS group: TRIOS 3
CAD/CAM
Milled
Base line, 1 month, 2 mmonts, 3 months & 6 months
2 Hammoudi et al., 2020 (Hammoudi et al., 2022) Clinical trial LDC
N = 362
TZ
N = 351
Health status: Good overall dental health
Age: 25 to 63 years
Gender: 45 males and 17 females
LDC TZ Conventional (Polyether material) Not mentioned Base line, 14 months, 31 months, 39 months, 54 months & 65 months
3 Forrer et al., 2020 (Forrer et al., 2020) Retrospective study CC:
N = 20
CP:
N = 39
CV:
N = 16
Health status: Not mentioned
Age: Not mentioned
Gender: 30 males and
52 females
CC
CP
CV
Not mentioned CAD/CAM Milled Base line & 4.08 ± 0.36 years
4 Scutella et al., 2020 (Scutella et al., 2020) Retrospective study N = 122 Health status: Not mentioned
Age: Mean age 56.4 years
Gender: 29 male and 58 female,
LDC Digital impressions (CEREC 3D Blue-cam) Chairside CAD/CAM Milled 5 years
5 Seidel et al., 2020 (Seidel et al., 2020) Clinical trial N = 15 Health status: Good
Age: 18 years and above
Gender: Not mentioned
MLD ZVGC Conventional (polyvinylsiloxane material) CAD/CAM Milled Base line, 1 year, 2 years & 3 years
6 Aziz et al., 2019 (Aziz et al., 2019) Retrospective clinical study N = 40 Health Status: Not mentioned
Age: 29–79 years
Gender: 12 males and 20 females
LDGC CAD-CAM CL Digital impression (CEREC Omnicam) CAD/CAM Milled 4 years
7 Samer et al., 2017 (Samer et al., 2017) Cross sectional study/retrospective N = 88 Health status: Medically fit
Age: 18–64 years
Gender: 16 males and 31 females
LDC Not mentioned Pressed Not clearly mentioned
8 Schimtz et al., 2017 (Schmitz et al., 2017) Retrospective clinical study N: 627 Health status: Not mentioned
Age: Not mentioned
Gender: Not mentioned
MLD Not mentioned Not mentioned 48.17 ± 27.72 months
9 Rauch et al., 2017 (Rauch et al., 2017) Clinical trial N = 41 Health status: Healthy
Age: 26.2–73.8 years
Gender: 13 males and 21 females
LDC Digital impressions (Cerec 3 units) CAD/CAM milled Base line, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, & 6 years
10 Teichmann et al., 2017 (Teichmann et al., 2017) Prospective clinical study LDFDP: N = 33
LDC: N = 106
LDIMP: N = 32
Other-LD: N = 13
Health status: Not mentioned
Age:
LDC: mean age 23.9
LDFDP: mean age 40.7
LDIM: mean age 40.7
Gender: 30 males and 38 females
LDC -LDFDP
-LDIMP
- Other-LD
Conventional (Polyether or A-Silicon material) Pressed Base line, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 5 years & 7 years
11 Seydler et al., 2015 (Seydler & Schmitter, 2015) Clinical trial N = 30 Health status: Not mentioned
Age: Less than 18 years
Gender: 22 males and 38 Females
LDC VZ Digital Impression (Blue cam; Sirona Dental Systems) CAD/CAM Milled 1 year & 2 years
12 Toman et al., 2015 (Toman & Toksavul, 2015) Clinical trial N = 125 Health status: Not mentioned
Age: Not mentioned
Gender: 13 males and 21 females
LDC Conventional (Venylpolyvinyl siloxane material) Pressed Base line, 6 months, then annually
13 Batson et al., 2014 (Batson et al., 2014) Clinical trial MC:
N = 12
LDC, ZC
N = 10
Health status: Not mentioned
Age: Not mentioned
Gender: Not mentioned
LDC MC
ZC
CL tooth
Digital Impression:
iTero
CAD/ CAM
Milled
Base line, 1 month & 6 months
14 Esquivel-Upshaw et al., 2013 (Esquivel-Upshaw et al., 2013) Clinical trial N = 12 Health status: Good overall dental health
Age: Above 18
Gender: Not mentioned
LDC
LDCV
MC Conventional (Polyvinyl siloxane) Not mentioned Base line, 1 year, 2 years & 3 years
15 Cortellini et al., 2012 (Cortellini & Canale, 2012) Clinical trial N = 235 Health status: Healthy
Age: 20–61 years
Gender: 32 males and 44 females
LDC Conventional (Polyether material) -CAD/CAM Milled
-Pressed
Base line, 1 year, 2 years & 3 years
16 Gehrt et al., 2012 (Gehrt et al., 2013) Clinical trial Adhesively luted:N = 72
Glass-ionomer cement: N = 32
Health status: Not mentioned
Age: Mean age, 34 ± 9.6 years
Gender: 15 males and 26 females
LDC Conventional (Polyether material) Pressed Base line, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years & 9 years
17 Fasbinder et al., 2010 (Fasbinder et al., 2010) Clinical trial LDC-4: N = 23
LDC-5: N = 39
Health status: Not mentioned
Age: Not mentioned
Gender: Not mentioned
LDC:
-LDC-4
-LDC-5
Digital impression CAD/CAM Milled Base line, 6 months, 1 year & 2 years
18 Suputtamongkol et al., 2008
(Suputtamongkol et al., 2008)
Clinical trial N = 10 Health status: Good to excellent overall dental health.
Age: 20–56 years
Gender: 5 males & 25 females
LLD:
-LDC-1
-LDC-2
-LDC-3
Conventional (Polyvinyl siloxane Material) Pressed Base line, 1 year & 2 years
19 Taskonak et al., 2006 (Taskonak & Sertgöz, 2006) Clinical trial N = 20 Health status: Not mentioned
Age: 21–59 years
Gender: 3 males and 12 females
LDC LDFPD
Conventional (Polyvinyl siloxane material) Pressed Base line, 1 year & 2 years

MLD: Monolithic Lithium Disilicate crown, VZ: zirconia frameworks veneered with CAD/CAM-produced lithium disilicate ceramic, D: Day, M: Month, Y: Year, B: Baseline, NA: Not applicable, LLD: Layered lithium disilicate crowns, LDC-1: Lithium Disilicate crown cemented with Variolink II resin cement (Ivoclar Vivadent), LDC-2: Lithium Disilicate crown cemented with temporary cement. retrieved after 1 year of insertion., LDC-3: Lithium Disilicate crown cemented with temporary cement. retrieved after 2 years of insertion, LDC-4: Lithium Disilicate crown cemented with a self-etching, dual-curing cement with a self-etching primer and adhesive, LDC-5: Lithium Disilicate crown cemented with an experimental self-adhesive, dual-curing cement, ZVGC: zirconia coping hand- veneered with glass–ceramic, LD: Lithium disilicate, LDGC CAD-CAM: Lithium disilicate glass–ceramic (LDGC) computer-aided design (CAD)-computer- aided manufacturing (CAM), CL: Contralateral, CP: Pressed Lithium Disilicate Crowns, CV: veneered pressed lithium disilicate crowns, CC: computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing lithium disilicate crowns, FPDC: Veneered zirconia based FPD, FPDM: Metal Ceramic FPD, MC: Metal Crowns, LDC: Lithium Disilicate Crowns, ZC: Zirconia Crowns, LDFDP: Lithium disilicate fixed dental prosthesis, LDIMP: Lithium disilicate implant-supported crowns, Other-LD: resin-bonded FDPs, inlay-retained FDP, implant FDP, ILD: In direct lithium disilicate restorations (inlay, partial crown and crown), LDCV: Lithium disilicate core ceramic/veneer ceramic crowns, ZFPD: Zirconia Fixed Partial Denture, ILDC: implant supported lithium disilicate crowns, TZ: Translucent zirconia crown.