Table 4.

Diabetes distress and general emotional wellbeing scores at baseline, post-intervention, and 4-week follow-up

Outcome	Baseline (n = 16)	Post-intervention (n = 12)	4-week follow-up (n = 10)
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Diabetes distress (PAID)	36.1 ± 14.8	19.3 ± 9.7	14.5 ± 11.5
Generic emotional well-being (WHO-5)	62.1 ± 19.6	71.3 ± 13.3	62.8 ± 26.7

PAID Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale, standardized sum of item scores (range 0–100) with higher scores indicating greater diabetes-specific distress; WHO-5 The World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), total score ranging from 0 to 100, 0 representing the worst imaginable well-being and 100 representing the best imaginable well-being