Table 3. Sensitivity analysis of VAS during the dental procedure.

		Heterogeneity			Meta-analysis
	No. of studies	I 2 (%)	P	Model	Mean difference	95% CI
Subgroup analysis
Anesthesia of infiltration anesthesia
Intraseptal anesthesia	1	NA	NA	NA	−7	−12.18–1.82
Supraperiosteal anesthesia	3	57	0.10	Random-effect	7.21	5.49–8.92
Subperiosteal infiltration	1	NA	NA	NA	0.17	−0.66–1.00
Sample size
≤30	2	90	0.001	Random-effect	6.74	−7.41–20.88
>30	3	97	<0.00001	Random-effect	3.61	−0.43–7.65
Adrenaline concentration
1:80000	2	99	<0.00001	Random-effect	3.26	−2.82–9.33
1:100000	2	96	<0.00001	Random-effect	0.50	−13.76–14.76
1:200000	1	NA	NA	NA	14.67	5.91–23.43
Sensitivity analysis
Brkovic et al., 2010 excluded	4	98	<0.00001	Random-effect	6.10	1.47–10.73
Subramaniam et al., 2018 excluded	4	90	<0.00001	Random-effect	4.95	1.07–8.82
Al-Shayyab et al., 2017 excluded	4	97	<0.00001	Random-effect	2.70	−2.38–7.79
Jain & Nazar, 2018 excluded	4	98	<0.00001	Random-effect	2.33	−2.24–6.90
Ryalat et al., 2018 excluded	4	97	<0.00001	Random-effect	3.16	−2.66–8.99