Table 2A.
Overview inflammatory biomarkers significantly associated with baseline clinical scores in AD publications.
| Biomarker | Study | Quality | Cohort (n) | Age (y) | MMSE | Clinical measure | Correlation coefficient |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Activated CD4+ T-cells | Lueg, 2015 | L | AD (54) | 68.7 | 21 | Verbal learning (n = 46) |
-0.441 |
| Verbal retrieval (n = 46) |
-0.456 | ||||||
| Visuospatial skills (n = 46) |
-0.364 | ||||||
| Activated CD8+ T-cells | Lueg, 2015 | L | MCI (19) | 68.0 | 26 | Verbal learning (n = 15) |
-0.545 |
| Verbal retrieval (n = 15) |
-0.298 | ||||||
| Visuospatial skills (n = 15) |
-0.523 | ||||||
| AD (54) | 68.7 | 21 | Verbal learning (n = 46) |
-0.371 | |||
| Verbal retrieval (n = 46) |
-0.744 | ||||||
| Visuospatial skills (n = 46) |
-0.334 | ||||||
| MCP-1 (CCL2) | Kimura, 2018 | M | AD (69) | 73.6 | 23 | MMSE | -0.245 |
| FAB | -0.306 | ||||||
| Correa, 2011 | L | AD (22) | 74.7 | 16 | MMSE | NR | |
| Galimberti, 2006 | L | EOAD (22) LOAD (14) |
59.4 72.4 |
16 19 |
MMSE (EO+LO) |
0.350 | |
| CXCL8 (IL-8) | Kimura, 2018 | M | AD (69) | 73.6 | 23 | FAB | -0.293 |
| CXCL10 | Kimura, 2018 | M | AD (69) | 73.6 | 23 | MMSE | -0.183 |
| FAB | -0.255 | ||||||
| Correa, 2011 | L | AD (22) | 74.7 | 16 | MMSE | NR | |
| Galimberti, 2006 | L | EOAD (22) LOAD (14) |
59.4 72.4 |
16 19 |
MMSE (EO + LO) |
0.370 | |
| IL-1β | Rui, 2021 | M | aMCI (33) | 63.6 | 18 | MMSE | -0.357 |
| MoCA | -0.373 | ||||||
| AD (33) | 65.7 | 13 | MMSE | -0.486 | |||
| MoCA | -0.499 | ||||||
| Rizzi, 2017 | L | aMCI (33) | 68.0 | NR | CERAD | 0.299 | |
| Hesse, 2016 | L | AD (NR) | 68.0 | 22 | MMSE | -0.330 | |
| Tarkowski,2003 | L | MCI (56) | 72.0 | 29 | MMSE (n = 6) |
0.460 | |
| MIP-1β | Taipa, 2019 | M | AD (32) | 62.7 | 18 | DRS-2 | 0.429 |
| OPN | Sun, 2013 | M | Newly AD (17) Chronic AD (18) |
73.0 74.0 |
23 19 |
MMSE (Newly + Chronic) |
0.530 |
| Comi, 2010 | L | AD (67) | 70.0 | 22 | MMSE | 0.580 |
AD, Alzheimer’s disease; (a)MCI, (amnestic) Mild Cognitive Impairment; CERAD, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease neuropsychological battery; DRS-2, Dementia Rating Scale-2; EO(AD), Early Onset Alzheimer’s disease; FAB, Frontal Assessment Battery; H, High quality; L, Low quality; LO(AD), Late Onset Alzheimer’s disease; M, Moderate quality; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NR, not reported. Significant p-values are marked in bold.