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| Definition of physical restraints | Abraham 2019 | Dever Fitzgerald 2016 | Evans 1997 | Gulpers 2011 | Huizing 2009 | Koczy 2011 | Köpke 2012 | Pellfolk 2010 | Testad 2005 | Testad 2010 | Testad 2016 |
| Full‐enclosure bedrails | X | ‐ | ‐ | X | X | ‐ | X | ‐ | X | X | X |
| Belts | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Chairs with fixed tables | X | ? | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Restrictive clothes, sleep suits | X | ? | ‐ | X | X | ‐ | X | ‐ | X | X | ? |
| Electronic devices | X | ? | ‐ | ‐ | X | ‐ | X | ‐ | X | X | X |
