Table 2.

Risk of bias assessment with ROBINS-I (n = 5)

	Aragaki et al. (2022) (for OS)	Bajorin et al. (2021) (for DFS)	Bellmunt et al. (2017) (for OS)	Bellmunt et al. (2021) (for DFS)	Hoffman-Censits et al. (2019) (for OS; abstract)
Risk of bias due to confounding	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Bias in selection of participants into the study	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Bias in classification of interventions	Low	Low	Low	Low	Moderate
Bias due to deviations from intended interventions	Low	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Bias due to missing data	Moderate	Low	Low	Low	Serious
Bias in measurement of outcomes	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Serious
Bias in selection of the reported results	Moderate	Low	Low	Low	Serious
Overall risk of Bias	Moderate	Low	Low	Low	Serious