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. 2023 Mar 15;149(10):7319–7326. doi: 10.1007/s00432-023-04681-7

Table 4.

Association between region and the prevalence of metastases in breast cancer patients (multivariable logistic regression model)

Region Stage IV breast cancer patients Stage IV breast cancer patients with positive HR status Stage IV breast cancer patients with negative HR status
OR (95% CI) P value OR (95% CI) P value OR (95% CI) P value
Bone
 Europe Reference Reference Reference
 Asia 0.71 (0.65–0.78)  < 0.001 0.56 (0.38–0.82) 0.003 0.60 (0.32–1.12) 0.109
 Latin America 1.08 (0.98–1.19) 0.140 0.99 (0.73–1.35) 0.945 0.44 (0.16–1.21) 0.113
Lung
 Europe Reference Reference Reference
 Asia 1.45 (1.33–1.59)  < 0.001 1.76 (1.59–1.96)  < 0.001 0.99 (0.84–1.15) 0.848
 Latin America 1.32 (1.19–1.45) 0.001 1.27 (1.13–1.42)  < 0001 1.46 (1.21–1.76)  < 0.001
Skin
 Europe Reference Reference Reference
 Asia 0.73 (0.58–0.91) 0.005 0.65 (0.49–0.85) 0.003 0.94 (0.66–1.36) 0.754
 Latin America 1.17 (0.95–1.43) 0.137 1.04 (0.82–1.32) 0.727 1.60 (1.10–2.34) 0.015
Liver
 Europe Reference Reference Reference
 Asia 0.94 (0.86–1.03) 0.193 1.02 (0.91–1.14) 0.751 0.81 (0.69–0.94) 0.006
 Latin America 0.96 (0.86–1.06) 0.371 0.97 (0.86–1.10) 0.662 0.91 (0.76–1.10) 0.342
Brain
 Europe Reference Reference Reference
 Asia 1.04 (0.84–1.29) 0.729 1.18 (0.90–1.56) 0.229 0.89 (0.64–1.24) 0.489
 Latin America 0.93 (0.73–1.19) 0.552 0.61 (0.42–0.88) 0.008 1.49 (1.07–2.09) 0.020