Table A2.

Studies Using System-Paced Irrevocable Occlusion

Reference	Occlusion Method	Driving Environment	N	Objective
Zwahlen and Balasubramanian (1974)	system-paced onset, total field of view	test track	2	ability to maintain a straight path when driving with closed eyes
Zwahlen and DeBald (1986)	system-paced onset, total field of view	test track	12	ability to maintain a straight path when driving with closed eyes
Kaptein et al. (1996)	system-paced onset in relation to object, total field on screen	sim fixed base	13	assess capability to target-brake under occlusion as compared to open
Wallis et al. (2007)	system-paced onset in relation to lane change, total field on screen	sim motion base	20	investigate vehicle steering control in lane changing and the role of different sources of sensory feedback
Saffarian et al. (2015)	system-paced onset in relation to object, total field on screen	sim fixed base	24	assess capability to target-brake under occlusion as compared to open
Kircher et al. (2018) a	system-paced onset in relation to curve, total field on screen	sim moving base	22	mental model of traffic and behavior under irrevocable occlusion

Note. ^aEye- tracking was used simultaneously with occlusion.