Table 2.

Summary of CAR T cell therapeutic approaches to clinical research in improving the barriers.

Sr.	Focus	Disease	Status	Registration number
CRISPR gene editing technology
1.	CD19-specific CAR T cells with edited endogenous HPK1	CD19+ leukemia or lymphoma	Recruiting	NCT04037566
2.	Mesothelin-directed CAR T cells by knocking out PD-1 and TCR gene	Multiple solid tumors	Unknown	NCT03545815
3.	TCRendo and PD-1 edited T cells	Melanoma	Terminated	NCT03399448
4.	Allogeneic anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy	Lymphoma	Recruiting	NCT04637763
Mitigation of CAR T cell therapy-related toxicities
5.	Preemptive mitigation using siltuximab with CD19-CAR T cell therapy	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Recruiting	NCT05665725
6.	Autologous mesothelin-targeted CAR T cells secreting PD-1 nanobodies	Solid tumors	Phase I/recruiting	NCT05373147
7.	Mucin1 cell surface-associated C-terminal CAR T cells	Multiple solid tumors	Early phase I/recruiting	NCT05239143
8.	Anti-B-cell maturation antigen T cells	Multiple myeloma	Completed	NCT02215967
Improving the efficacy of CARs with other strategies
9.	EGFR806 CAR T Cell immunotherapy	Multiple solid tumors	Phase I/recruiting	NCT03618381
10.	LCAR-M23 CAR T cell therapy	Epithelial ovarian cancer	Terminated	NCT04562298
11.	Lentivirus-transduced CAR T cells	Multiple solid tumors	Active, not recruiting	NCT03302403