Table 1.
Summary of GC involvement in the regulation of cerebellar development.
| Cerebellar developmental events | Involvement of GCs | Reference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mechanical or biological contributions | Molecules involved | |||
| Size and foliation | Enlargement foliation, and lamination | Coincidental massive proliferation | Lauder et al. (1974) | |
| Proliferation (observation in agranular cerebellum) | Altman and Anderson (1971); Rezai and Yoon (1972); Rakic and Sidman (1973); Mariani et al. (1977); Mikoshiba et al. (1980); Herrup (1983); Herrup and Sunter (1987); Smeyne and Goldowitz (1989); Ferguson (1996); Goldowitz et al. (1997) | |||
| Proliferation | Atoh1 | Ben-Arie et al. (1997); Jensen et al. (2004); van der Heijden et al. (2021) | ||
| Proliferation and differentiation | Wnt/β-catenin | Lorenz et al. (2011); Pei et al. (2012); Wen et al. (2013) | ||
| Enlargement and foliation | Shh-dependent proliferation | Gli1, Gli2 | Corrales et al. (2004, 2006) | |
| Radial migration at appropriate speed | Lkb1 | Ryan et al. (2017) | ||
| Proliferation and differentiation | CHD8 | Kawamura et al. (2021); Chen et al. (2022) | ||
| Enlargement | Proliferation | En1, En2 | Orvis et al. (2012) | |
| Foliation | Increase in proliferation in anchoring center | Sudarov and Joyner (2007) | ||
| Anterior–posterior orientation of cell division | CHD7 | Reddy et al. (2021) | ||
| Regulation of folia length | Differentially regulated proliferation | Legué et al. (2015); Legué et al. (2016) | ||
| (Theoretical study) Migration at experimentally observed speed | Takeda et al. (2021) | |||
| PCs | PC migration in primordial cerebellum | Providing molecular guidance | Reelin | Mariani et al. (1977); Mikoshiba et al. (1980) |
| PC monolayer formation | Accumulation of GCs in the IGL and stacking of PFs in the ML | Altman et al. (1969) | ||
| Providing a short-range signal | Carletti et al. (2008) | |||
| Reelin* | Miyata et al. (1997); Magdaleno et al. (2002) | |||
| PF-PC synapse formation | Providing synaptic organizers that interact with GluD2 in PCs | Cbln1, NRX | Kurihara et al. (1997); Hirai et al. (2005); Matsuda et al. (2010); Uemura et al. (2010); Hashizume et al. (2013); Elegheert et al. (2016) | |
| PF bouton maturation for synapse formation with PCs | Mea6 | Wang et al. (2021) | ||
| Chd4 | Yamada et al. (2014) | |||
| MLI-PC synapse formation | Competition of synapse formation by forming PF synapses | Cbln1 | Ito-Ishida et al. (2014) | |
| PC dendrite development | Supplying competing substances that activate TrkC in PCs | NT-3 | Joo et al. (2014) | |
| Supplying competing substances that interact with GluD2 in PCs | Cbln1 | Takeo et al. (2021) | ||
| Unbiased synaptic transmission | Park et al. (2019) | |||
| Maturation of PC firing properties | (recording in agranular mice) | van der Heijden et al. (2021) | ||
| MLIs | MLI migration | Synaptic transmission | Park et al. (2019) | |
| Molecular scaffolding | TAG-1 | Cadilhac et al. (2021) | ||
| Maturation | Interacting in the EGL | TAG-1 | Park et al. (2019); Cadilhac et al. (2021) | |
| Activation of TrkB in MLIs | BDNF* | Rico et al. (2002) | ||
| PF-MLI synapse formation and MLI survival | Providing synaptic organizers that interact with GluD1 in MLIs | Cbln1, NRX* | Yasumura et al. (2012); Konno et al. (2014) | |
| CF inputs | Elimination of surplus CF synapses | (observation in hypogranular rats) | Crepel et al. (1981) | |
| PF-PC synapse formation | Cbln1 | Kurihara et al. (1997); Hirai et al. (2005); Hashizume et al. (2013) | ||
| PF-PC synaptic transmission | Chen et al. (1995); Kano et al. (1997); Offermanns et al. (1997); Kano et al. (1998) | |||
| CF territory elongation | PF-PC synaptic transmission | Ichikawa et al. (2002); Hirai et al. (2005) | ||
| PF-PC synaptic transmission in the deep ML | Park et al. (2019) | |||
| CF territory segregation | PF-PC synaptic formation | Cbln1 | Ichikawa et al. (2002); Hirai et al. (2005) | |
| MF inputs | MF terminal remodeling | Coincidental GC dendritogenesis | Hámori and Somogyi (1983) | |
| Providing substances that promote the maturation | WNT-7a | Hall et al. (2000) | ||
| Neuroligin | Scheiffele et al. (2000) | |||
| FGF22 | Umemori et al. (2004) | |||
| MF-GC synapse formation | Interactions through cell adhesion molecules | Cdh7 | Kuwako et al. (2014) | |
| Structured MF-GC synaptic connections | Coincidental development | Shuster et al. (2021); Kim et al. (2023) | ||
| Other GCs | GC radial migration | A source of glutamate* | Komuro and Rakic (1993) | |
| BDNF* | Wetmore et al. (1990); Rocamora et al. (1993) | |||
| GCP proliferation in the EGL | Microenvironment of mitogenic niche* | Choi et al. (2005) | ||
Abbreviations are defined in the text. Note that asterisks (*) in this table indicate that the molecules or mechanisms described are likely to be involved but have not been clearly identified.