Skip to main content
. 2023 Jul 10;12(7):979. doi: 10.3390/biology12070979

Table 1.

Chicken breeds (populations) screened in the present genome-wide study.

Breed (Population) Code n Breed Type Origin Refs Image Source
Old Russian indigenous breeds
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i001.jpg Orloff Mille Fleur OMF 29 DPB/MEB, fancy and semi-game breed (GB), cold and heat tolerant, chicks are late feathering and cannot withstand cold and humidity, incubation instinct Central Russia, late 18th century, from local chickens, Gilian and Old English Game [32,33,37,43] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i002.jpg Poltava Clay PC 21 DPB/MEB Poltava Governorate, Russia; mid 19th century, from local chickens, Buff Orpington and possibly RIR and NH, Wyandotte, etc., bred at the Ukrainian Poultry Research Institute, USSR since 1951 [32,33,38,39,40,41] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i003.jpg Russian Black Bearded (Galan) RBB 25 DPB/MEB and fancy, cold tolerant, incubation instinct Kursk, Oryol and neighboring governorates, Russia, 19th century (2nd half), from (1) Wyandotte and Crevecoeur or (2) Orloff Black and Wyandotte [32] b
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i004.jpg Russian Crested RC 29 DPB/MEB and fancy, cold tolerant, incubation instinct Russia, 19th century, from local chickens and possibly Asian breeds [32] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i005.jpg Ushanka (or Ukrainian Muffed) Ush 30 DPB/MEB and fancy, sex-linked early feathering in chicks, cold tolerant, incubation instinct South Russia and territory of Ukraine, 17th century to 1880s, from local chickens, probable random mating to other breeds [32,33,37] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i006.jpg Yurlov Crower YC 36 DPB/MEB, long crowing, of two varieties (silver and golden), sex-linked late feathering in chicks Russia, 19th century (2nd half), from local and GB chickens, Brahma, Cochin and Langshan, almost extinct in 1941–1945, brought to ARPRTI, Zagorsk, USSR in 1948 [32,33,34,35,36] a
Improved Russian breeds
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i007.jpg Adler Silver AS 30 DPB/MEB Adler Poultry Farm, Krasnodar Krai, USSR, 1951–1965, from Pm, RW, NH, White Plymouth Rock and YC [32] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i008.jpg Kotlyarevsky Kt 28 DPB/MEB Kotlyarevsky Breeding Farm, Kabardino-Balkarian ASSR, USSR, 20th century (2nd half), from NH, RW, ZS, Naked Neck and Barred Plymouth Rock [32] b
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i009.jpg Kuchino Jubilee KJ 29 DPB/MEB, sex-linked early feathering in chicks Kuchinsky State Breeding Farm, Moscow Oblast, USSR, 1947–1990, from RW, NH, RIR, AoB, Plymouth Rock White, YC, Brown Leghorn (Italian Partridge) and Livny [32] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i010.jpg Leningrad Mille Fleur LMF 7 DPB/EMB RRIFAGB, Pushkin, Leningrad Oblast, USSR, 1985, from Australorp Black Speckled, NH and PC [33] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i011.jpg Pervomai Pm 30 DPB/MEB Pervoe Maya State Farm, Kharkov Oblast, Ukrainian SSR, USSR, 1935–1941; Pachelma State Farm, Penza Oblast, RSFSR, USSR, 1942–1963; from White Wyandotte, RIR and YC [32,33] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i012.jpg Russian White (ARPRTI) RW1 29 ETB USSR, 1929–1953, from local white chickens and WL, bred at ARPRTI, Zagorsk/Sergiev Posad, USSR/Russia [32,37,42] b
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i013.jpg Russian White (RRIFAGB) RW2 71 ETB, cold tolerant Bred at RRIFAGB, Pushkin, USSR/Russia since 1952, a single telic mating of an RRIFAGB inbred line of RW, selected for cold tolerance, to WL [32,33,37,42,44,45,46] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i014.jpg Ushanka Foot-feathered UshF 6 DPB/MEB and fancy, cold tolerant ARPRTI, Sergiev Posad, Russia, 20th century (more recently), from Pavlov, Orloff and possibly Ush [32] b
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i015.jpg Zagorsk Salmon ZS 27 DPB/MEB, sex-linked late feathering and down color in chicks Zagorsk, USSR, 1950–1959, from RW, NH, RIR and YC [32,33] a
Specialized foreign breeds
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i016.jpg Australorp Black AoB 30 DPB/MEB Australia, 1890s to 1929, from Black Orpington, RIR, Black Minorca, WL, Langshan and Barred Plymouth Rock, bred in Russia since 1946 [32,33] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i017.jpg Cornish White CW 24 MTB England, 1886, from local GB chickens, Asil, White Malay, Indian Game and Cochin, used as paternal stock in commercial broiler crosses, bred in Russia [33,37,42] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i018.jpg New Hampshire NH 10 DPB/MEB USA, early 20th century to 1935, from RIR [32,33] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i019.jpg Rhode Island Red RIR 17 DPB/EMB States of Rhode Island and Massachusetts, USA, 1880s to 1904, from Cochin, Java, Malay, Shanghai and Brown Leghorn [32,47] a
graphic file with name biology-12-00979-i020.jpg White Leghorn WL 20 ETB, the only Mediterranean breed of economic importance today Tuscany, Italy, 19th century, from light rural breeds, brought to USA in 1828, a white variety imported to USA in 1853, line G11 bred in Germany since 1965 [48,49] a

Image sources: a, authors’ own photographs; b, owned by one of the authors, D.V.A., and reproduced by him on his website (Ref. [32]).