Table 2.

The technologies used to perform gait analysis in post-stroke and TBI patients and their clinical implications, revealed by the selected studies.

Reference n°	Gait Analysis System		Technology Description	Neurological Disorder	Clinical Implication
	NWS	WS
[38]	X		A 10 m walkway with a pressure sensitive mat. Spatial–temporal parameters were registered using GaitRite mat, which contains a total of 13,824 sensors.	Post-stroke patients (both ischemic and hemorrhagic)	Most useful gait parameters are step length, swing time, and stance time. In addition, authors stated that asymmetry time values are not reliable parameters to assess gait in post-stroke patients.
[39]		X	Inertial Measurment Unit (IMU) system (Xsens Technology B.V., Enschede, The Netherlands, Hengelo) composed of seven inertial sensors.	Post-stroke patients	NA
[40]		X	Kinect v2, which included an 8-core Intel® in addition to an ad hoc application designed to register the 3D position and orientation of the 25 human joints provided by the Kinect v2.	Post-stroke patients (both ischemic and hemorrhagic)	Results indicated that patients with a higher fall risk manifested lower gait velocity and cadence, a shorter stride and step length, and higher double support time. Additionally, the risk of falling was related to increased trunk and pelvic obliquity and tilt, and to decreased hip flexion–extension and ankle height variation.
[41]	X		Odonate 3D motion capture system in a mobile terminal and a workstation. This innovative a binocular depth camera combined with an artificial intelligence system to capture, analyze, and calculate gait parameters automatically.	Post-stroke patients	Alterations were found in spatial–temporal and kinematic parameters; thus, this new system can perform an objective gait assessment in five minutes, also in a home-based setting.
[42]		X	Five synchronized IMUs.	Severe TBI patients	Severe TBI patients present serious difficulties in maintaining balance during gait, especially movements of the head, which are the most impaired, probably related to vestibular dysfunctions due to traumatic events. Additionally, authors suggested to assess gait through dynamic balance skills during curved trajectories as in Figure-of-8 Walk Test.
[43]		X	Three IMUs were attached with elastic straps over both lateral ankles to detect gait phases and over the fifth lumbar vertebrae.	TBI	TBI patients manifest great imbalances in dynamic balance, especially in antero-medial weight shifting, when compared with healthy control subjects.