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. 2023 Jul 14;4:1217054. doi: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1217054

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Tissue Engineering in Craniofacial Bone Regeneration. Many strategies have been used to induce bone regeneration in craniofacial defects and have employed various biomaterial formats (e.g., nanoparticles, scaffolds, implants) and/or bioactive factor release (e.g., small molecule, drug) to induce angiogenesis and osteogenesis for bone formation using clinically relevant animal models.