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. 2023 Jun 25;11(7):1820. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11071820

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Potential consequences that NKA dysfunction, whether from high CTS or other pathological conditions, may have on dopaminergic signaling. Green arrows represent downstream activation, while red arrows represent inhibitory processes. Short black arrows to the right of a given element denote increased activation or increase in concentration (pointing up), or decreased activation or decrease in concentration (pointing down).