| 6MWT | 6 min walk test |
| AF | Atrial fibrillation |
| AFL | Atrial flutter |
| CAD | Coronary artery disease |
| CKD | Chronic kidney disease |
| CVD | Cardiovascular disease |
| DAPA-HF | Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure |
| DECLARE–TIMI 58 | Dapagliflozin Effect on Cardiovascular Events–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 58 |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| DDP4 | Dipeptidylpeptidase 4 |
| eGFR | Estimated glomerular filtration rate |
| EMA | European Medicines Agency |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients–Removing Excess Glucose |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| GLP-1 RAs | Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists |
| HF | Heart failure |
| HFE | Heart failure event |
| HFrEF | Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction |
| LVEDV | Left ventricular end-diastolic volume |
| LVEF | Left ventricular ejection fraction |
| LVESD | Left ventricular end-systolic diameter |
| LVESV | Left ventricular end-systolic volume |
| MACE | Major adverse cardiovascular events |
| NYHA | New York Heart Association |
| SBP | Systolic blood pressure |
| SGLT2 | Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 |
| T2DM | Type 2 diabetes mellitus |