Table 1.
Effect of inhibitors on invasion and metastasis in TNBC mouse model in vivo.
| Route of Administration a | Inhibitor | Dose (mg/kg) | Invasion b Incidence |
p c | Metastasis d Incidence |
p c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intravenous (iv) | None | - | n.a. | 5 of 5 | - | |
| thalidomide | 1.35 | n.a. | 3 of 5 | 0.22 | ||
| US10113 | 13.5 | n.a. | 4 of 5 | 0.50 | ||
| RGC | 0.07 | n.a. | 1 of 5 | 0.024 | ||
| RGC | 0.70 | n.a. | 1 of 5 | 0.024 | ||
| RGC | 3.50 | n.a. | 2 of 5 | 0.083 | ||
| Mammary fat pad (sc) | None | - | 8 of 8 | - | 8 of 8 | - |
| RGC | 0.007 | 0 of 6 e | 0.0003 | 0 of 7 | 0.0002 | |
| RGC | 0.07 | 1 of 7 | 0.0014 | 0 of 7 | 0.0002 | |
| RGC | 0.70 | 3 of 7 e | 0.026 | 0 of 7 | 0.0002 | |
| RGC | 3.50 | 2 of 8 | 0.0035 | 4 of 8 | 0.038 |
a Mouse TNBC 4T1 cells were injected intravenously (iv) into tail vein (10,000 cells) or orthotopically into mammary fat pad (sc) (7500 cells) of female 4-week-old Balb/c syngeneic mice and the drug was injected (sc) on the same day and then every 2 to 3 days. Mice were sacrificed and autopsied after total of 3 or 4 weeks, respectively. b Invasion incidence was the number with muscle invasion/number of mice with tumours determined from H&E-stained histological sections of the primary tumour (Materials and Methods), n.a. = not applicable. c Probability (p) of the difference from no inhibitor was calculated using Fisher’s Exact test, 2-sided, p < 0.05 was considered significant indicated in bold. d Metastasis incidence was the number with experimental lung metastasis/number of mice for iv route or number with lung metastases/number of mice with tumours for sc route, determined from H&E-stained histological sections of the lungs (Materials and Methods). e No significant difference in invasion between 0.007 and 0.70 mg/kg RGC, p = 0.19.