Table 2.

Associations of anxiety disorder and depression with cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke/TIA, and heart failure

	Cardiovascular disease	Myocardial infarction	Stroke/TIA	Heart failure
	HR [95% CI]	HR [95% CI]	HR [95% CI]	HR [95% CI]
Model 1 (n = 431,973)
Depression	1.92	1.59	1.73	2.34
	[1.68, 2.20]	[1.29, 1.97]	[1.44, 2.09]	[1.98, 2.78]
Anxiety disorder	1.76	1.59	1.72	1.62
	[1.43, 2.18]	[1.16, 2.18]	[1.31, 2.28]	[1.20, 2.18]
Model 2 (n = 429,091)
Depression	2.16	1.79	1.96	2.69
	[1.88, 2.48]	[1.45, 2.22]	[1.62, 2.36]	[2.27, 3.19]
Anxiety disorder	2.00	1.81	1.91	1.80
	[1.62, 2.47]	[1.32, 2.48]	[1.44, 2.52]	[1.34, 2.44]
Model 3 (n = 302,373)
Depression	1.83	1.17	1.97	2.16
	[1.54, 2.18]	[0.87, 1.58]	[1.57, 2.46]	[1.74, 2.70]
Anxiety disorder	1.61	1.38	1.56	1.47
	[1.21, 2.15]	[0.89, 2.15]	[1.06, 2.29]	[0.97, 2.24]

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; n, number; TIA, transient ischemic attack.

Note: Model 1: no adjustment. Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and deprivation level. Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation level, alcohol intake, smoking status, sleep duration, television viewing, physical activity, and body mass index.