Table 2.

(a) Differences between general prescription rates of various medication classes amongst CRPS cases and controls. (b) CRPS-associated prescriptions in various medication classes amongst CRPS cases compared with matched controls.

2a	CRPS, N = 2510 1	Control, N = 2510 1	Difference 2	95% CI 2,3	p-Value 2	q-Value 4
Medication Class
None	299 (12%)	0 (0%)	0.1191235060	0.11, 0.13	<0.001	<0.001
Benzodiazepines	740 (29%)	425 (17%)	0.1254980080	0.10, 0.15	<0.001	<0.001
Bisphosphonates	108 (4.3%)	92 (3.7%)	0.0063745020	0.00, 0.02	0.3	0.3
Calcitonin	5 (0.2%)	3 (0.1%)	0.0007968127	0.00, 0.00	0.7	0.7
Capsaicin	154 (6.1%)	52 (2.1%)	0.0406374502	0.03, 0.05	<0.001	<0.001
Neuropathic pain medications	1837 (73%)	927 (37%)	0.3625498008	0.34, 0.39	<0.001	<0.001
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs)	1638 (65%)	1765 (70%)	−0.0505976096	−0.08, −0.02	<0.001	<0.001
Opioids	1769 (70%)	1217 (48%)	0.2199203187	0.19, 0.25	<0.001	<0.001
Steroids	1095 (44%)	817 (33%)	0.1107569721	0.08, 0.14	<0.001	<0.001
2b	CRPS, N = 670 1	Other, N = 670 1	Difference 2	95% CI 2,3	p-value 2	q-value 4
Medication Class
Benzodiazepines	101 (15%)	110 (16%)	−0.013432836	−0.05, 0.03	0.5	0.6
Bisphosphonates	1 (0.1%)	24 (3.6%)	−0.034328358	−0.05, −0.02	<0.001	<0.001
Calcitonin	1 (0.1%)	0 (0%)	0.001492537	0.00, 0.01	>0.9	>0.9
Capsaicin	7 (1.0%)	19 (2.8%)	−0.017910448	−0.03, 0.00	0.029	0.039
Neuropathic pain medications	460 (69%)	250 (37%)	0.313432836	0.26, 0.37	<0.001	<0.001
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs)	130 (19%)	486 (73%)	−0.531343284	−0.58, −0.48	<0.001	<0.001
Opioids	398 (59%)	327 (49%)	0.105970149	0.05, 0.16	<0.001	<0.001
Steroids	68 (10%)	219 (33%)	−0.225373134	−0.27, −0.18	<0.001	<0.001

¹ n (%); ² Two-sample test for equality of proportions; ³ CI = Confidence Interval; ⁴ False discovery rate correction for multiple testing.