Table 5.
Comparison of biological parameters of living patients and those who died in the groups with pre-COVID-19 AP, during-COVID-19 and in those with AP and COVID-19 disease.
| AP Pre-COVID-19 | AP during-COVID-19 | AP with COVID-19 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Alive N (%) |
Deceased N (%) |
p | Alive N (%) |
Deceased N (%) |
p | Alive N (%) |
Deceased N (%) |
p |
| Leucocyte (×103/µL) | 11.7 (7.2–16.3) | 21.4 (16.5–26.0) | 0.005 * | 9.2 (7.5–13.3) | 7.8 (7.1–19.9) | 0.952 | 16.4 (10.2–19.8) | 10.7 (7.7–31.1) | 0.456 |
| Neutrophil (×103/µL) | 7.0 (5.2–12.9) | 18.5 (14.0–22.9) | 0.005 * | 8.2 (4.5–10.2) | 6.1 (5.7–17.6) | 0.535 | 9.1 (6.7–16.1) | 9.2 (5.7–27.1) | 0.544 |
| Lymfocyte (×103/µL) | 1.6 (0.9–2.2) | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) | 0.372 | 1.6 (1.1–2.0) | 1.0 (0.7–1.0) | 0.000 * | 2.4 (2.0–16.1) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 0.018 * |
| Monocyte (×103/µL) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 1.5 (1.5–1.6) | 0.006 * | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | 0.7 (0.5–1.2) | 0.810 | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 0.8 (0.3–1.3) | 0.124 |
| Platelet (×103/µL) | 193.6 (170.7–222.8) | 377 (362.0–391.3) | 0.005 * | 191.0 (148.0–284.0) | 148.0 (95.5–299.4) | 0.105 | 237.0 (189.8–287.2) | 207.0 (51.9–249.3) | 0.167 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 13.7 (12.2–14.5) | 12.4 (11.3–13.4) | 0.143 | 12.4 (11.7–14.3) | 9.0 (8.5–17.1) | 0.222 | 14.0 (11.2–16.0) | 13.2 (10.1–15.6) | 0.208 |
| Ht (%) | 38.6 (36.9–45.0) | 37.1 (34.3–39.8) | 0.339 | 38.6 (35.6–43.3) | 26.4 (25.7–44.3) | 0.271 | 35.6 (34.2–43.4) | 38.7 (29.5–44.2) | 0.327 |
| RDW | 12.8 (11.9–13.7) | 14.7 (13.9–23.8) | 0.022 * | 12.5 (11.7–14.3) | 14.9 (12.4–15.6) | 0.254 | 13.8 (13.7–14.0) | 14.7 (14.2–15.2) | 0.004 * |
| MCV | 89.1 (85.4–96.3) | 82.4 (79.9–84.9) | 0.011 * | 89.9 (88.3–97.3) | 105.0 (100.1–107.2) | 0.000 * | 90.3 (88.1–93.8) | 102.6 (98.6–102.8) | 0.000 * |
| Proteins (g/dL) | 6.6 (6.1–7.2) | 6.1 (5.7–6.5) | 0.097 | 6.0 (5.5–7.3) | 6.3 (5.4–5.6) | 0.457 | 6.9 (6.4–7.4) | 5.1 (4.5–5.12) | 0.000 * |
| Amylase (U/L) | 319 (80.5–492.5) | 480.5 (456.0–503.9) | 0.161 | 213.5 (112.8–414.5) | 515.0 (344.0–1196.5) | 0.002 * | 192.0 (186.0–1294.0) | 342.0 (215.0–1144.3) | 0.816 |
| Na (mmol/L) | 137.0 (129.0–140.0) | 129.5 (125.0–133.8) | 0.222 | 138.0 (135.2–142.5) | 131.0 (128.0–135.0) | 0.056 | 137.0 (135.0–141.5) | 131.0 (123.0–139.0) | 0.022 * |
| K (mmol/L) | 4.5 (3.8–5.0) | 5.1 (4.0–6.1) | 0.315 | 3.9 (3.7–4.5) | 4.8 (3.5–5.2) | 0.475 | 3.9 (3.8–4.2) | 4.2 (3.4–6.9) | 0.133 |
| Glycemia (mg/dL) | 136 (84.0–158.0) | 125.5 (95.0–125.5) | 1 | 104.0 (94.3–189.0) | 203.0 (111.0–465.0) | 0.027 | 99.0 (93.0–129.3) | 99.0 (86.8–150.5) | 0.675 |
| AST (U/L) | 42.5 (28.8–119.0) | 29.5 (21.0–37.6) | 0.056 | 66.0 (36.0–169.0) | 105.0 (95.0–906.0) | 0.043 * | 40.0 (27.0–102.3) | 90.0 (40.0–372.0) | 0.015 * |
| ALT (U/L) | 48.5 (19.0–172.0) | 42.5 (33.0–51.6) | 0.949 | 87.0 (33.0–230.0) | 58.0 (57.5–26.0) | 0.327 | 44.0 (24.0–277.0) | 99.0 (14.3–159.0) | 0.576 |
| Urea (mg/dL) | 33.0 (30.0–49.0) | 78.5 (26.0–128.6) | 0.610 | 32.0 (18.5–57.0) | 69.0 (30.0–125.5) | 0.004 * | 31.0 (18.0–52.0) | 59.0 (29.5–182.0) | 0.004 * |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 (0.7–1.0) | 2.8 (2.7–4.7) | 0.702 | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 4.2 (0.7–6.1) | 0.002 * | 0.7 (0.6–1.2) | 1.7 (0.7–3.3) | 0.032 * |
| INR | 1.1 (1.1–1.2) | 6.1 (1.4–10.5) | 0.003 * | 1.1 (0.1–1.4) | 1.4 (0.4–1.6) | 0.001 * | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 0.000 * |
| NLR | 6.3 (2.6–11.5) | 16.6 (13–21.0) | 0.007 * | 5.1 (2.2–8.5) | 16.4 (6.6–18.0) | 0.000 * | 3.7 (2.6–3.9) | 8.8 (6.9–18.0) | 0.001 * |
| IIC | 6.5 (2.8–13.9) | 21.7 (19.3–23.9) | 0.003 * | 6.7 (2.6–14.4) | 22.2 (14.6–27.2) | 0.000 * | 4.6 (36.7–43.4) | 13.9 (11.7–21.3) | 0.002 * |
| MCVL | 55.9 (39.9–100.6) | 77.2 (74.6–79.8) | 0.445 | 54.8 (45.4–80.7) | 106.9 (98.6–245.1) | 0.000 * | 37.7 (36.7–43.4) | 96.7 (74.7–112.8) | 0.001 * |
* p < 0.05—statistically significant; Hb—hemoglobin; Ht—hematocrit; RDW—red cell distribution width; MCV—mean corpuscular volume; Na—sodium; K—potassium; AST—aspartate aminotransferase; ALT—alanine aminotransferase; INR—international normalized ratio; NLR—neutrophil lymphocyte ratio; IIC—cumulative inflammatory index; MCVL—lymphocyte MCV ratio.