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. 2023 Jul 13;12(14):1846. doi: 10.3390/cells12141846

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic representation of the type and function of ubiquitin chains. Ubiquitin forms an isopeptide bond with substrate side-chain lysine (K), serine (S), threonine (T), and cysteine (C) residues through its C-terminal glycine residue 76 (G76). These chains, through mono-, multi-, and polyubiquitination, participate in various cellular signaling pathways. The representative sites and functions of the polyubiquitination chain are as follows (right).