Figure 11.

(A–D) Mitochondrial Dynamics During Mitotic (M phase) progression: Prophase is the first mitotic stage and is characterized by nuclear envelope breakdown, condensation of chromosomes and the beginning of mitotic spindle formation. At this stage, mitochondria prepare for fission by recruiting the Drp1 at the outer mitochondrial membrane through interactions with its receptors (MFF, Fis1, MiD49 and MiD51). During prophase, and peaking in metaphase, pro-fissive activities of Drp1 favor a highly fragmented network. As sister chromatids separate from each other during anaphase, mitochondria are still fully fragmented. During telophase, as the daughter cells separate, the APC complex has triggered degradation of fission mediators and the mitochondria begin to elongate again, through the tandem actions of pro-fusion proteins Mfn1/2 at the OMM and OPA1 at the IMM. Upon cytokinesis completion, mitochondria can be observed as a hyperfused, interconnected network distributed into the two new identical daughter cells.