Table 1.
The characteristics of each included studies for meta-analysis.
| Study | Country | Study period | Sample size (n) | Male (%) | Age (year, mean ± SD) | BMI (kg/m2) | Interval time | CR duration | CR frequency | Main outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Butter C (2018) | Germany | 2008–2016 | 1017 | 44.5% | 83.7 ± 3.6 | 24.7 ± 3.7 | NR | 3 weeks | 6/week | 6MWD, Barthel index |
| Eichler S (2017) | Germany | 2013–2015 | 136 | 47.8% | 80.6 ± 5.0 | 27.7 ± 4.2 | 17.7 ± 9.9 days | 3 weeks | 5/week | 6-MWD, maximum work load, SF-12 |
| Fauchère I (2014) | Switzerland | 2008–2010 | 112 | 40% | 79 ± 6 | NR | NR | 30 days | 6/week | 6-MWT, FIM, HADS score |
| Pressler A (2016) | Germany | 2012–2014 | 30 | 54% | 81 ± 6 | 26.9 ± 3.1 | 14 days | 2 weeks | 2/week, 3/week | 6-MWT, KCCQ, SF-12 |
| Rogers P (2018) | UK | 2016–2017 | 27 | 44.4% | 82.04 ± 4.8 | 27.70 ± 4.2 | 4 weeks | 3 months | NR | 6MWD, KCCQ, Nottingham EADL, Edmonton Frail Scale and HADS |
| Russo N (2014) | Italy | 2008–2012 | 138 | 31.7% | 83.7 ± 3.6 | 24.7 ± 3.7 | NR | 3 weeks | 6/week | 6MWD, Barthel index |
| Tarro Genta F (2017) | Italy | 2010–2013 | 135 | 33% | 82 ± 6 | 24 ± 4 | 3-week | 3 weeks | 6/week | 6MWD, Barthel index, MFS |
| Tarro Genta F (2019) | Italy | 2010–2014 | 90 | 34% | 82.7 ± 4.9 | 24.8 ± 4.8 | NR | 3 weeks | 6/week | 6MWD, Barthel index, MFS |
| Tarro-Genta F (2015) | Italy | NR | 110 | 28% | 81.1 ± 4.6 | 24.1 ± 2.6 | NR | 3 weeks | NR | 6MWD, Barthel index |
| Völler H (2015) | Germany | 2009–2011 | 442 | 32% | 69.94 ±•11.08 | 27.02 ± 4.66 | NR | 3 weeks | 4–5/week | 6MWD, ExCap, HADS |
| Yu Z (2021) | China | 2019 | 69 | 60% | 74.7 ± 8.1 | 23.3 ± 4.2 | Before discharge after TAVI | 1 month | NR | 6-MWT, Barthel index, MMSE, HADS |
| Zanettini R (2014) | Italy | 2009–2012 | 59 | 46% | 83.5 ± 5.0 | 25.2 ± 4.5 | NR | 3 weeks | 6/week | 6MWD, Barthel index, EQ-VAS |
6-MWT = 6 Minute Walking Test, EQ-VAS = EuroQoL visual analogue scale, ExCap = maximal exercise capacity, FIM = Functional independence measure, HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, KCCQ = the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, MMSE = mini-mental state examination, NR = not report, SF-12 = 12-Item Short-Form.