Table 4.

Comparison of clinical parameters between study groups.

Clinical Parameters	Fucoidan-Chitosan Hydrogel		CGF		t-Statistic	p-Value $ Group 1 vs. 2
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
N	20		20
Plaque Index
Baseline	1.515	0.2641	1.465	0.2681
3 months	1.265	0.2581	1.445	0.3379	2.192	0.037 $
p-value *	<0.001 *		1.000
6 months	1.140	0.2479	0.930	0.1081	−2.297	0.027$
p-value *	<0.001 *		<0.001 *
9 months	0.945	0.1234	0.940	0.1231	0.665	0.510
p-value *	<0.001 *		<0.001 *
Gingival Index
Baseline	1.550	0.3426	1.620	0.3270
3 months	1.375	0.3596	1.220	0.2726	−2.239	0.036$
p-value *	<0.001 *		0.004 *
6 months	1.320	0.3238	1.370	0.3045	−0.483	0.632
p-value *	<0.001 *		<0.001 *
9 months	1.010	0.1119	1.055	0.1605	−0.291	0.773
p-value *	<0.001 *		<0.001 *
Periodontal Probing Depth
Baseline	7.55	0.887	7.80	0.894
3 months	5.50	0.946	6.80	0.523	4.098	<0.001 $
p-value *	<0.001 *		<0.001 *
6 months	5.50	0.946	6.35	0.489	2.214	0.033 $
p-value *	<0.001 *		<0.001 *
9 months	4.50	0.513	5.05	0.224	0.993	0.327
p-value *	<0.001 *		<0.001 *
Clinical Attachment Level
Baseline	8.40	0.598	8.45	0.510
3 months	7.30	1.031	6.80	0.523	−2.377	0.023 $
p-value *	<0.001 *		<0.001 *
6 months	6.85	1.461	6.35	1.387	0.948	0.234
p-value *	0.001 *		<0.001 *
9 months	5.15	0.489	5.15	0.366	−0.261	0.796
p-value *	<0.001 *		<0.001 *

* Indicates intragroup comparison (vs. baseline) assessed using repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test. ^$ Indicates intergroup comparison (vs. CGF) assessed using independent sample t-test.