Table 2.
Evaluation and comparison of bloating severity and frequency among groups
|
Probiotic
(N= 51) |
Placebo
(N= 42) |
Colloidal bismuth subcitrate (N= 32) | P-value 1 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bloating frequency 0 week | 7.23±2.21* | 7.14±4.52 | 7.33±3.14 | 0.452 | |
| Bloating frequency 2 weeks | 3.63±3.17 | 5.69±3.32 | 5.28±3.61 | 0.006 | |
| Bloating frequency 4 weeks | 3.18±3.02 | 5.10±3.54 | 4.11±3.34 | 0.001 | |
| Bloating frequency 8 weeks | 4.71±3.08 | 6.62±2.08 | 4.17±2.62 | 0.037 | |
| P-value 2 | 0.000 a | 0.231 b | 0.000 c | ||
| Bloating severity 0 | No symptom | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0.3723 |
| Grade 1 | 6 (11.80) | 4 (12.50) | 3 (7.10) | ||
| Grade 2 | 18 (35.30) | 8 (25.00) | 10 (23.80) | ||
| Grade 3 | 25 (49.00) | 20 (62.50) | 28 (66.70) | ||
| Grade 4 | 2 (3.90) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (2.40) | ||
| Bloating severity 2 | No symptom | 13 (28.90) | 1 (3.80) | 3 (7.50) | 0.000 |
| Grade 1 | 12 (26.70) | 5 (19.20) | 6 (15.00) | ||
| Grade 2 | 16 (35.60) | 7 (26.90) | 21 (52.50) | ||
| Grade 3 | 3 (6.70) | 13 (50.00) | 9 (22.50) | ||
| Grade 4 | 1 (2.20) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (2.50) | ||
| Bloating severity 4 | No symptom | 18 (41.90) | 3 (12.00) | 5 (12.50) | 0.000 |
| Grade 1 | 11 (25.60) | 6 (24.00) | 12 (30.00) | ||
| Grade 2 | 13 (30.20) | 6 (24.00) | 16 (40.00) | ||
| Grade 3 | 0 (0.00) | 10 (40.00) | 6 (15.00) | ||
| Grade 4 | 1 (2.30) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (2.50) | ||
| Bloating severity 8 | No symptom | 7 (17.90) | 1 (5.30) | 2 (5.70) | 0.006 |
| Grade 1 | 11 (28.20) | 2 (10.50) | 13 (37.10) | ||
| Grade 2 | 17 (43.60) | 6 (31.60) | 13 (37.10) | ||
| Grade 3 | 3 (7.70) | 10 (52.60) | 6 (17.10) | ||
| Grade 4 | 1 (2.60) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (2.90) | ||
| P-value | 0.000 a | 0.042 b | 0.000 c | ||
* Data are represented by mean ± SD or N (column %); P-value1: Kruskal Wallis test; P= 2: Friedman test; P=3: Chi-square test; different letters (a-c) show significant statistical difference in between group repeated measurements analysis.