Table 1.

Preoperative state anxiety (STAI-S) by socio-demographic and clinic characteristics.

	N	Mean	sd	Min	Max	t/F (p-Value)
Total sample	104	43.3	12.9	20	77
Gender						1.58
Male	47	41.1	13.7	20	74	(0.12)
Female	57	45.1	12.1	24	77
Age						0.84
<50	11	46.0	12.0	30	68	(0.43)
51–69	64	42.0	12.7	20	74
>70	29	45.1	13.8	24	77
Education						1.04
Primary/middle	47	44.7	14.5	20	77	(0.30)
high/degree	57	42.1	11.5	22	70
Marital status						0.28
Married/with partner	18	44.1	13.6	24	77	(0.78)
Single/Separated/widowed	86	43.1	12.9	20	74
Working condition						0.44
Employed/student	37	42.5	11.6	22	70	(0.66)
Other	67	43.7	13.6	20	77
Region						0.01
Veneto	18	43.2	15.9	24	74	(0.99)
Other regions	86	43.3	12.4	20	77
Clinical pathway						2.5
Malignant upfront	51	42.5	13.5	22	74	(0.09)
Malignant chemio	27	40.4	10.6	20	62
Benign + uncertain behaviour	26	47.8	12.3	28	77
Type of intervention						1.06
DCP–whipple	53	43.8	14.3	20	77	(0.37)
exploratory laparotomy	13	38.3	12.1	22	61
partial S-P resection	26	45.7	10.6	32	70
total S-P resection	12	41.3	11.6	29	65
STAI-T						12.59
Absent (20–39)	87	41.1	11.6	20	74	(<0.01)
Mild (40–49)	10	51.1	12.9	35	70
Moderate + Serious (≥50)	6	63.3	11.8	45	77
PHQ9						8.00
Absent (<4)	59	39.7	11.3	20	70	(<0.01)
Mild (5–9)	34	46.5	13.1	24	74
Major depression (>10)	10	54.4	14.1	37	77

S-P = spleno-pancreatic.