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. 2023 Jul 20;24(14):11692. doi: 10.3390/ijms241411692

Figure 3.

Figure 3

TUDCA treatment inhibited BCG-infected THP-1 macrophage pyroptosis. THP-1 macrophages were pretreated for 2 h with TUDCA (5 mM) prior to BCG infection (MOI = 10) for 24 h. (A) The expression of Cleaved Caspase1, GSDMD-N, IL-1β, Cleaved-IL-1β and IL-18 was assessed by Western blotting. (B) TEM observation of cell morphology. Scale bar: 1 μm. Nucleus (N); mitochondria (Mi); green arrows: cell membrane intact; red arrow: cell membrane rupture; yellow arrow: ribosome loss; orange arrow: mitochondrial swelling; blue arrow: rough endoplasmic reticulum expansion; blue circle: chromatin dissolution. (C,D) Cell culture supernatant IL-1β and IL-18 concentrations were detected by ELISA. (E) Cell viability in THP-1 macrophages was detected using CCK-8 kit. (F) LDH activity in THP-1 macrophages was detected using LDH kit. Data are means ± SEM from triplicate experiments. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.