Table 1.
Clinical trial drugs targeting cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.
| Class of Target | Agent | Mechanism | Strategy of Clinical Study | Clinical Stage | Clinical Trial Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| γδ T-cells | zoledronic acid | Antiangiogenesis and antiproliferation (target tyrosine-kinase receptors and γδ T-cells) | Combination with sorafenib (TKI) | Phase II | NCT01259193 |
| Anti-CSF-1R mAb | cabiralizumab | Repressing the activity of CSF1R-dependent TAMs | Combination with nivolumab (anti-PD1 mAb) | Phase II | NCT04050462 |
| Pan-PI3K Inhibitor | SF1126 | Reprogramming (disrupts two key MYC-mediating factors) | Combination with nivolumab (anti-PD-1 mAb) | Phase I | NCT03059147 |
| CAR-M | pembrolizumab | Restoring phagocytic capacity | Single agent | Phase I | NCT04660929 |
| FGFR | JNJ-42756493 | Promotes ECM depletionPrevents CAF activation | Single agent | Phase-I and phase-II trials ongoing | NCT02421185 |
| TGF-β | LY2157299 | Prevents CAF activation and immunosuppression | Combination with sorafenib | Phase II | NCT02178358 |
| FAK | dabrafenib mesylate | Reduces downstream signaling of integrins | Single agent | Phase II | NCT02465060 |
| C-RAF, B-RAF | sorafenib | Involves in RAF/MEK/ERK pathwayVEGFR/PDGFR | Single agent | Phase II | NCT00044512 |
| CCR2/5 | BMS-813160 | Cut CCL2-CCR2 and CCL5-CCR5 axis, reduce macrophage recruitment | Combination with neoadjuvant nivolumab | Phase II | NCT04123379 |
| CSF1R, VEGFR2 | regorafenib | Inhibition of CSF1R and VEGFR2 | Combination with neoadjuvant nivolumab | Phase II | NCT04170556 |
| CSF1R, VEGFR2 | chiauranib | Inhibition of CSF1R and VEGFR2 | Single agent | Phase II | NCT03245190 |
| TLR7 | RO7119929 | Inducing macrophage repolarization | Combination with tocilizumab | Phase I | NCT04338685 |