Table 10.
Overview of all evaluated peripheral immune markers in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in comparison to control subjects in respect to sex.
| Evaluated Parameters |
ASD Adolescents |
ASD Females |
ASD Males |
ADHD Adolescents |
ADHD Females |
ADHD Males |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WBC | ↑ | = | = | = | = | = |
| Neu | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| Lym | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| Mon | ↑ | = | ↑ | = | = | = |
| PLT | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| MPV | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| PDW | = | = | = | ↑ | = | = |
| NLR | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| PLR | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| LMR | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| MLR | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| PMR | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| MPVLR | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| MPVPR | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| IL-1α | ↑ | = | = | = | = | = |
| IL-1β | ↑ | = | = | ↑ | = | ↑ |
| IL-2 | ↑ | = | = | = | = | = |
| IL-4 | ↑ | = | = | = | = | = |
| IL-6 | ↑ | = | ↑ | ↑ | = | ↑ |
| IL-8 | ↑ | = | = | = | = | = |
| IL-10 | ↑ | = | ↑ | = | = | = |
| TNF-α | = | = | = | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
| IFN-γ | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| Th1 profile | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| M1 profile | ↑ | = | = | ↑ | = | ↑ |
| Proinflammatory cytokine profile | = | = | = | ↑ | = | = |
| Anti-inflammatory cytokine profile | ↑ | = | ↑ | = | = | = |
| Th1/Th2 ratio | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| Th1/Treg ratio | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| Th1/Th2+Treg ratio | = | = | ↓ | = | = | = |
| Proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory ratio | = | = | = | ↑ | ↑ | = |
ASD—autism spectrum disorder; ADHD—attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder; WBC—white blood cells; Neu—neutrophils; Lym—lymphocytes; Mon—monocytes; PLT—platelets; MPV—mean platelet volume; PDW—platelet distribution width; NLR—neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio; PLR—platelets to lymphocytes ratio; LMR—lymphocytes to monocytes ratio; MLR—monocytes to lymphocytes ratio; PMR—platelets to monocytes ratio; MPVLR—MPV to lymphocytes ratio; MPVPR—MPV to platelets ratio; IL—interleukin; TNF-α—tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IFN-γ—interferon-gamma; Th—T helper lymphocytes; M1—macrophages M1; Treg—T regulatory lymphocytes. ↑ indicates increased levels of the evaluated parameter; ↓ indicates decreased levels of the evaluated parameter; = indicates unchanged levels of the evaluated parameter when compared to controls.