| CAF | Cancer-associated fibroblast |
| CCC | Cholangiocarcinoma |
| CCL | CC-chemokine ligand |
| CEL | Celastrol |
| CD | Cluster of differentiation |
| CTL | Cytotoxic T lymphocyte |
| DC | Dendritic cell |
| DC-SIGN | DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin |
| DSPC | Distearoylphosphatidylcholine |
| EAE | Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitits |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| EGFR | Epidermal growth factor receptor |
| HAV | Hepatitis virus A |
| HBV | Hepatitis virus B |
| HCC | Hepatocellular carcinoma |
| HCV | Hepatitis virus C |
| HDV | Hepatitis virus D |
| HEV | Hepatitis virus E |
| HGF | Hepatocyte growth factor |
| HSC | Hepatic stellate cell |
| ICB | Immune checkpoint blockade |
| IFN-α | Interferon alpha |
| IL | Interleukin |
| IMQ | Imiquimod |
| immTOR | PLGA NP containing mTOR |
| KC | Kupffer cell |
| KLF2 | Kruppel-like factor 2 |
| Lac-BSA | Lactosylated bovine serum albumin |
| LNP | Lipid NP |
| MDSC | Myeloid-derived suppressor cell |
| mTOR | Mechanistic target of rapamycin |
| NAFLD | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| Nano-Poly-BA | Boronic acid-containing polymer nanocomplex |
| NASH | Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| NP | Nanoparticle |
| NPC | Non-parenchymal cell |
| OVA | Ovalbumin |
| PD-1 | Programmed cell death protein 1 |
| PD-L1 | Programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 |
| PEG | Polyethylene glycol |
| PI3K | Phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
| PLA | Poly(L-lactic acid) |
| PLGA | Poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) |
| PMN | Polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocyte |
| siRNA | Small interfering RNA |
| TAM | Tumor-associated macrophage |
| Th | T helper cell |
| TME | Tumor microenvironment |
| Treg | Regulatory T cell |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |