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. 2023 Jul 16;12(14):4711. doi: 10.3390/jcm12144711

Table 4.

Risk factors for poor evolution in biliary infection.

Related to the inadequacy of antibiotic treatment Risk of infection by unusual organisms (Enterobacteria-ESBL, Pseudomonas spp.)
Hospitalisation > 5 days
Antibiotic treatment > 3–5 days in the last 6 weeks
Biliary stent
Cholangitis after ERCP 1
Related to the severity of infection Sepsis, septic shock
Related with comorbidities Immunosuppression
Malnutrition
Diabetes
Chronic renal failure
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Liver cirrhosis
Age-related >70 years old

1 ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography.